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SmartSwitch Router User Refere nce Manual 9032578-04.
Notic e 2 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Notice Cab letr on Syst ems res erve s the rig ht to make chan ges in spe cifica tion s and other informa tion con ta ine d in th is docu me nt wit ho ut pr ior not ice . Th e rea der sh ou l d in all cas es co ns ult Cab l etro n Systems to determine whether any such changes have been ma de.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 3 No ti c e Indus tr y Can ada Notice This di gital ap paratu s d o es not exce ed the Class A l imits for radio nois e em issions fr om dig ital appa ratu s set out in the Radi o Inter fere nce Regu latio ns of the C an a dian Depa rtmen t of Commu nica tions.
Notic e 4 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l CABL ETRON SYS TEMS, INC. PRO G RA M L IC EN S E AG RE E ME NT IMPO R T A NT : TH IS LIC ENSE AP PLIES FO R USE OF P RO DU CT IN T HE FO LLO WIN .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 5 No ti c e Sections 1 or 2 of t h is A greem ent, You agree not to (i) reexport or r elease t h e Pro g ram, the source cod e for the P rog ram or tec hnol.
Notic e 6 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l CABLETRON SYSTEM S SALES AND SERVI CE , INC. PRO G RA M L IC EN S E AG RE E ME NT IMP OR T ANT : THI S LI CENSE APP LIE S FO R US E OF PROD UCT I N TH E UNI TED S T A TES OF A MERIC A AN D BY UN ITE D ST A TES OF AMER IC A GOVE RN MENT END US ERS.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 7 No ti c e Kaza k hst an, Kyrgyzst an, Laos, Lat via, Libya, Lit huania, Mold ova, North Kor ea, the People’s Repub lic of C h in a, Roman ia, Ru ssia, R.
Notic e 8 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l CABL ETRON SYSTEMS LIMI TED PRO G RA M L IC EN S E AG RE E ME NT IMPO R T A NT : TH IS LIC EN SE APPL IES FO R TH E US E OF THE PROD UCT IN THE F.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 9 No ti c e If the Pro gram is exported fr om the Unit ed States pursuant t o the License Exceptio n T SR under the U.
Notic e 10 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l SAFETY INF ORMA TION CL ASS 1 L ASE R T RAN SCEIV E RS The SSR -HFX11-08 1 00Base-FX Module , SSR-GSX1 1-02 1000Ba se-LX M odule, SSR -GLX19-02 .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 11 No ti c e DECLARA T ION OF CONFO RMITY ADDENDUM App lic ati on of Co u ncil Dir ectiv e(s ): 89/336/ EEC 73/23/ EEC Manu fa ctu rer ’s Name : Cablet ron Systems, I nc. Manufact u r er ’s Addres s: 35 Industrial Way PO Box 5005 Rochester, NH 03867 Europ ean R epr esentative Name: Mr.
Notic e 12 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 13 Contents Pref ace ............ .......... .................. ................... ................... .................. ..... 25 Abo ut T his Ma nu al .... ... .. ..... ... .. ..... .. ... ..... .. .. ...
Content s 14 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Chapte r 2: Hot Swapp in g Line Cards and Cont r ol M o dules ................ 49 Hot S wa pp ing Ov e rv iew .. ... ..... .. ..... .. ... ..... .. ... .... ... .. ..... ... .. ..... .. ... ...
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 15 Content s Cr ea ting a no n-I P /no n- IPX V LA N .. ..... .. ... ..... .. ..... .. ... ..... .. .. ..... ... .. ..... ... .. ..... .. ... ..... .. ... 6 7 Chapte r 4: SmartTR U NK Con f igurati on Guide .
Content s 16 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Mo nit o ring IP Para m ete r s . ..... .. .. ..... ... .. ..... .. ..... ... .. ..... .. ... ..... .. ... .... ... .. ..... ... .. ..... .. ... ..... .. 92 Con fig u ring R ou ter D is cov e ry .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 17 Content s Con fig u ring O S PF o ve r N o n- Broa d ca st Mu lt ipl e A cc ess .... .. ... ..... .. ... .... ... .. ..... ... .. . 1 20 Mo nit o ring O SP F. ... .... ... .. ..... ... .. ..... .. ... ...
Content s 18 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Aut he nt icat io n ... ..... .. .. ..... ... .. ..... .. ... ..... .. ... .... ... .. ..... ... .. ..... .. ..... ... .. ..... .. ... ..... .. ... .... ... .. ... 17 0 Aut he nt icat io n M e th od s .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 19 Content s IG MP Ov e rv iew .. ... ..... .. ..... .. ... ..... .. ... .... ... .. ..... ... .. ..... .. ... ..... .. ..... .. ... ..... .. ... .... ... .. ..... ... .. . 1 99 DV MR P O ver vie w . .. ....
Content s 20 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Us ing D yna m ic NA T .... ... .. ..... .. ... ..... .. .. ..... ... .. ..... .. ... ..... .. ..... .. ... ..... .. ... ..... .. .. ..... ... 2 28 Dyn am ic N AT w ith IP Ove rlo ad ( PAT ) C on fi gu rat io n .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 21 Content s Ena bli ng IP X R IP . ..... ... .. ..... .. ... ..... .. ... .... ... .. ..... ... .... ... .. ..... ... .. ..... .. ... ..... .. ... .... ... .. ..... ... .. . 2 49 Ena bli ng SA P ..... .. ..
Content s 22 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Con fig u ring La ye r -2 Sta tic En try F ilt ers . .. ..... ... .. ..... .. ... ..... .. ..... .. ... ..... .. ... ..... .. .. ..... ... 2 77 Con fig u ring La ye r -2 Se cur e P ort F ilte r s .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 23 Content s Con tro l Ta ble s . .... ... ..... .. ... .... ... .. ..... ... .. ..... .. ... ..... .. .. ..... ... .. ..... .. ..... ... .. ..... ... .. ..... .. ... ..... .. . 30 3 Us ing R MO N .. ... .. .
Content s 24 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Com p res si on on M LP Bun d les o r Li n ks . ... ..... .. .. ..... ... .. ..... .. ... ..... .. ... ..... .. .. ..... ... 3 29 Monito ring PPP WAN Ports ......................... . .........
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 25 Pr eface About This Manual This m an ual pr ovides detailed i nfo r mation a n d procedures f or c onfiguri n g the Smart Switc h Router (S SR) softwar e.
Prefa ce 26 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Configu re VRRP Ch apte r 7 , “ VRR P Conf iguration Gu ide” on pag e 9 5 C on fi gur e R I P r o ut in g Ch apte r 8 , “ RIP Conf igurat.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 27 Prefa ce Related Documen t ation The Smart Switc h Ro uter docum entati on se t in clud es th e f ollowi ng i tems.
Prefa ce 28 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 29 Chapter 1 SSR Pr oduct Overview The Sma r tSwitch Router (SSR) pr ovides non-blocking, wire- speed Layer-2 (switching), Layer-3 (ro u ting) and Layer-4 (a pplication) swit ching .
Chapter 1 : SSR Product Overvi ew 30 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Cap aci ty • 4 ,09 6 V irt ual L AN s (V LA Ns) • 3 MB in put/output buffering per Gigabit port • 1 MB input/out.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 31 C hapter 1: SSR Produc t O verv iew Supported Media (En capsulation T ype) The SSR sup port s the fol l o wing in dustry- stand ard n etwor k in g medi a: • IP: IEEE 802. 3 SNAP an d Ethernet T ype II • IPX: IEEE 802.
Chapter 1 : SSR Product Overvi ew 32 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l – Routi ng Infor mation Pr otoc ol ( RIP) V ersi on 1, 2 Ch apte r 6 , “ IP Routing Configuration Guide” on page 85 desc ribes the se pr otoco ls in deta il.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 33 C hapter 1: SSR Produc t O verv iew B asic Li ne Edi ting Co mman ds Th e CLI s uppo rts EMAC s-li ke line editing com mands . The follow ing tabl e lists s ome co mmonly use d comma nds. Access Modes The SSR CLI has four acces s m odes.
Chapter 1 : SSR Product Overvi ew 34 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Note: The com mand p r o mpt w ill s how t he name of the Smar tSw itch Router in front of the mo de char acter( s).
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 35 C hapter 1: SSR Produc t O verv iew Enab le Mod e Enable m ode provides more facilities than Us er mode . Y o u can display critic al features withi n Ena ble m ode incl uding rou ter config urati on, ac cess control lis ts, a nd S NM P sta ti st ics .
Chapter 1 : SSR Product Overvi ew 36 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l T o exit E nable mo de and retur n to User mode, use one o f the fo l lo w ing co mm ands: ip - S ho w IP re late d pa.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 37 C hapter 1: SSR Produc t O verv iew C onfig ur e Mod e Configu re mode provides the capab ilities to configure all features and functions on the SSR. Y ou can c onfigure featur es and functions within Config ur e mode includ ing r outer configur ation, a ccess control lis ts and spannin g t r ee.
Chapter 1 : SSR Product Overvi ew 38 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l T o exit Configure mode and ret u rn to Enable mode, use o ne of the following commands: B oot PRO M Mod e If your SSR.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 39 C hapter 1: SSR Produc t O verv iew Di sabl ing a F u nctio n or Fe atur e Th e CLI p rovides for a n im plici t negate. This allo ws for the “d isabling” of a feat ur e or function w h ich has been “en abl ed ”.
Chapter 1 : SSR Product Overvi ew 40 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Loa din g Syst em Im age S oftwa re By defaul t, the SS R boots using the system image sof twar e inst alled on the Con tr ol Module ’s PCMCIA flash card. T o upgrade the s ystem software and boot u sing the upgraded image, use the f o llowing pr ocedure.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 41 C hapter 1: SSR Produc t O verv iew 6. Enter the syst em image list co m m an d to v erif y th e cha nge . Note: Y ou do no t nee d to ac tiv ate thi s ch an g e. Loa din g Boot P ROM Sof twar e Th e SSR boots using the boot P ROM s oftware insta lled on the Control Mo dule’s inte rnal memory .
Chapter 1 : SSR Product Overvi ew 42 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l 1. If you have not alr eady done so, enter the en a bl e co mmand t o ent er En able mode in th e C L I. 2. If you have not alr eady done so, enter the con fi gur e comma nd to en ter Conf igur e mo de in the CLI.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 43 C hapter 1: SSR Produc t O verv iew Di spla ying Con figu rati on Cha nges While in Con figure mode, you can di splay the conf igurat ion of the running .
Chapter 1 : SSR Product Overvi ew 44 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l •C o n f i g u r i n g D N S • Con n e cting b etween th e SSR an d other syste ms Sett ing the SSR Na me The SSR name is set to ssr by def ault.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 45 C hapter 1: SSR Produc t O verv iew C onfig urin g th e SSR C LI Y ou ca n cu st om ize the CL I d ispl ay f orm a t to a d es ired lin e le ng th or ro w cou n t.
Chapter 1 : SSR Product Overvi ew 46 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l C onnect ing Be twee n the S SR and Oth er Sy stems T o test a c onnectio n between the SSR and an IP host, en ter the.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 47 C hapter 1: SSR Produc t O verv iew Monitoring Configu ration The SSR provides many comm ands for disp laying conf igurati on informat ion. After you add con figurat ion item s an d com mit them to th e active c onfi g ur ation, y ou can disp lay them us i ng the f ollowing commands.
Chapter 1 : SSR Product Overvi ew 48 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Show SSR loc atio n . sys te m show loca tion Show the SSR logi n banner . sys te m show logi n-ba nner Show SSR name . syst em s how n am e Show the type of P ower -On S elf T est (P OST) t h a t should b e pe rforme d.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 49 Chapter 2 Ho t Swap ping Line Ca r d s a nd Contr ol M odules Hot Swap ping Ove rview Th is ch ap te r de sc ri be s th e ho t swa p pin g func ti on al i ty of th e SS R. H o t sw ap pi ng i s th e abilit y to replace a l ine card or Cont r o l Mo dule while t he SSR is op erating .
Chapter 2 : Hot Swapping Line Cards a nd Contr ol Modules 50 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l De act ivati ng t he L ine Ca rd T o deac tiva te the lin e car d, do one of th e fo llowi ng: • Pr ess th e Hot Swap butt on on the l ine car d.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 51 Chapter 2: Hot Swapping Li ne Cards and Contr ol Modules Wa r n i n g : Do not r em ove the line c ar d unless the Offline LE D is li t. Doing so can caus e the SSR t o cr ash. 2. Loosen the captive scr ew s on each side of the line card .
Chapter 2 : Hot Swapping Line Cards a nd Contr ol Modules 52 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Wa r n i n g : Y ou ca n only hot s wap an inactive Con trol Mo du le . Y o u sh ould n e ver remo v e the a ctive Control Modu le from the SSR. Do ing so w ill c rash the sys tem.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 53 Chapter 2: Hot Swapping Li ne Cards and Contr ol Modules Insta llin g the Control M odule T o install a new Control Mod ule or line card into the slot: Note: Y ou can inst all eit her a line card or a C ont r o l Mo dule in slot CM/1 , but you c an install only a C ontrol M od ule in slo t CM .
Chapter 2 : Hot Swapping Line Cards a nd Contr ol Modules 54 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Th e Online LED goes out and the Offline LED lights. Figur e 3 sh ow s th e loc a ti on o f th e Offlin e LED and Hot Sw ap butto n o n a Switching Fabri c M odule.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 55 Chapter 3 Bridgin g Con figuration Guide Bridging Ov erview The Smart Switc h Ro uter pro vide s th e fol lowin g br idgin g fun cti ons: • Com plia nce with the IEEE 80 2.
Chapter 3 : Bridging Confi guration Guide 56 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Bri dg ing M ode s (F low- Ba s ed and Add ress -B ase d) The SSR provid es the foll ow ing t y pes o f wir e-.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 57 Chapter 3: Br idging Configurat ion Gui de • Mul tica st based • Po licy ba sed Deta iled inf orma tion about th ese types of VLANs is beyo nd the scope of this manu al. Each type of VLAN is b riefly expl ained in the fol lowi n g sub section s.
Chapter 3 : Bridging Confi guration Guide 58 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Mul ti cas t- bas ed VLA Ns Multic ast-base d V LANs are create d dyna mic ally fo r m ulticast g roups. T ypica lly , each mult icas t g r oup cor respo nds to a dif fer ent VLAN.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 59 Chapter 3: Br idging Configurat ion Gui de the SSR as a res ult o f creat ing L 3 inter faces for IP and/or IPX. Ho wever , these implicit VLA Ns do n ot need to be created or con figured manua lly . The imp licit VL ANs created by the SSR ar e subnet-based VL ANs.
Chapter 3 : Bridging Confi guration Guide 60 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l For example, if port 1 belongs to VL AN IPX_VLAN fo r IP X , V LA N IP_VLAN fo r IP and VLAN OT HER_ VLAN for any other protocol, then an IP frame received by por t 1 is cl assified as belongin g to VLAN IP_VLA N .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 61 Chapter 3: Br idging Configurat ion Gui de The corresponding bridge tables for add r ess-based and flow-based bridging are shown bel ow . As sh own, the bri dge ta ble contai ns mo re i n f ormation on the tr af fic pat terns when flow-based bridg ing is enabled compar ed t o ad dress-based br idging.
Chapter 3 : Bridging Confi guration Guide 62 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l The SSR suppo rts pe r VLAN spanni n g tr ee. By def ault, al l the VLANs def ined belo ng to the default spanning tr ee.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 63 Chapter 3: Br idging Configurat ion Gui de T o set the bridge priority , enter the f ollow ing command in C onfigur e m ode: Setting a Port Priority Y o u can set a pri ority for an int erface .
Chapter 3 : Bridging Confi guration Guide 64 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l • Define t he Maximum Idle Interval Adjusting the Interval betwee n Hel l o Times Y ou can specify th e interval between hello time.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 65 Chapter 3: Br idging Configurat ion Gui de C onfig urin g a Por t or P rot oco l base d VLAN T o create a port or proto c ol based VLAN, perfor m the following s teps in the Conf i gure mo de. 1. Cr eate a port or pr otocol based VLAN.
Chapter 3 : Bridging Confi guration Guide 66 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l C onfig ur ing Lay er - 2 Fi lter s Lay er-2 se curi ty fil ters on th e S SR a llow you to con figur e port s to fil ter speci fic MAC add ress es. When defi ning a Layer -2 sec u ri ty fil ter , you spe cify to whic h ports you wan t the filter to apply .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 67 Chapter 3: Br idging Configurat ion Gui de Configuratio n Exampl es VLANs ar e used t o associate ph ysical ports o n the SSR w ith co nnec ted hosts that may be phy sical l y sepa rat ed but need to par ticipat e in the same bro adcast doma i n.
Chapter 3 : Bridging Confi guration Guide 68 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 69 Chapter 4 Sm art TR UNK Con figuration Guide Over vi e w This chapter explains h ow to configur e and mo nito r SmartT RUNKs on the SSR . A Smart T RUNK is Cabletr on Systems ’ technolog y for load bal ancing an d load shar ing.
Chapter 4 : SmartTRUNK Configur ation Guide 70 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Configuring SmartTRUNKs T o creat e a Sm artTRUNK: 1. Cr eate a Sm a rtTRUNK and specify a contr ol prot ocol for it. 2. Add physi cal po rts to the Smar tTRUNK .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 71 Chapter 4: S martTRUNK Conf igurat ion Gui de T o ad d po rt s to a Sm art T RU NK , e n ter t he fo ll ow i ng c o mm an d in Co nf ig u re m od e :: Sp.
Chapter 4 : SmartTRUNK Configur ation Guide 72 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Exam ple Configura t i ons The followi ng shows a netw ork desi gn base d on Sm artTRUNKs . R1 i s an SSR ope ratin g as a r outer , w hil e S1 and S2 ar e SSRs opera ting as switches.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 73 Chapter 4: S martTRUNK Conf igurat ion Gui de Th e follow in g is t he Sm artT RUNK co nfig uration for the SSR labe led ‘R1’ in t he diagr am: Th e .
Chapter 4 : SmartTRUNK Configur ation Guide 74 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 75 Chapter 5 DH CP Con figuration Guide DH CP Ov ervie w The Dy n a mic Host Co nfigu ration Prot oco l (DHCP) serv er on th e S SR pr ovid es dyna mic addr ess assignment an d configura t ion to DHC P capabl e end-user systems, such as W indows 95/98/NT an d App le Mac intosh syst ems.
Chapter 5 : DHCP Configur ation Guide 76 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Configuring DHCP By defau lt, th e DHCP se rver is n ot enabled on th e SSR. Y ou can sel ective ly enab le DHCP service on particular interface s a n d no t o t hers.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 77 Chapter 5: DHCP Config uration Gui de T o define the par ameters th at the DHCP s erver gi v es t he client s, enter the following co mmand in Conf igur .
Chapter 5 : DHCP Configur ation Guide 78 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Con fi guri ng DHCP Ser ve r Para met ers Y ou ca n co nfi gure sev era l “ glo ba l” par ame t ers th at a ffect the beh av ior of th e DH CP se rve r itself.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 79 Chapter 5: DHCP Config uration Gui de DHCP Configu ration Exam ples The follo wing c onfigurat ion des cribes DHCP c onfigurat ion for a simple n etwork w ith just one i nter face on whi ch DHCP serv ice is e n a bled to pr ovide b oth dynam ic and sta tic IP addres ses .
Chapter 5 : DHCP Configur ation Guide 80 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l 9. Specif y a r emote lease d atabase on the T F TP s erver 10. 1.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 81 Chapter 5: DHCP Config uration Gui de 6. Include ‘sc ope2’ in t he superscope ‘ super1’ . Sinc e ther e are mult iple poo ls of IP addr esses , the pool associat ed with ‘s cope1 ’ is used first since ‘scope1’ is applied to the interfac e before ‘sc ope2’.
Chapter 5 : DHCP Configur ation Guide 82 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l 6. Define th e address pool for ‘s cope2’ . 7. Creat e a supersc o pe ‘super1’ that includes ‘s c ope1’. 8. Include ‘sc ope2’ in t he superscope ‘ super1’ .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 83 Chapter 5: DHCP Config uration Gui de 4. Define th e address pool for ‘s cope1’ . dhcp s co pe1 d ef in e po ol 1 0.
Chapter 5 : DHCP Configur ation Guide 84 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 85 Chapter 6 IP R outing Con figuration Guide Th is chapter des cribes how to configure I P interfac es and gene ral non-protoc ol-spec ific ro u t i n g p a r a m e t e r s . IP Routin g Overv iew Internet Prot oc ol (IP) is a packet- b ased protocol used to exchange data ov er computer netw orks.
Chapter 6: IP Rout ing Co nfigura tion Guide 86 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l The SSR support s standar ds-based TCP , UDP , and IP . IP Ro ut in g Proto c ol s The SSR supp orts st andar ds-ba sed uni cast and multi cast rout i ng.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 87 Chapter 6: IP Routing Conf igurat i on Guide Configuring IP Interfac es and Para meters This sec tion pr ovides an over view of con figur ing var ious I P para meters an d set ting up I P interfaces .
Chapter 6: IP Rout ing Co nfigura tion Guide 88 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l • 802.3 SNAP: SNAP IE EE 802.3 encapsulati o n, in wh ic h the type code bec omes the frame len g th for the IEEE 802.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 89 Chapter 6: IP Routing Conf igurat i on Guide C onfig urin g Reve rse Addr es s R esol utio n Pr oto col (R ARP) Reve rse Ad dres s Resol utio n Prot ocol ( RARP) works ex actl y the opposi te of A RP . T aking a MAC add ress as inpu t, RARP de termin es th e assoc iated IP addr ess.
Chapter 6: IP Rout ing Co nfigura tion Guide 90 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Mo nitori ng R ARP Y o u can use the foll owing com mands to obtai n info rmation ab out the SSR’s RARP c.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 91 Chapter 6: IP Routing Conf igurat i on Guide C onfig ur ing I P Help er Y ou can c onfigure t h e SSR t o forw a rd UDP broadcast packets r ec eived on a given interfac e to all other interfaces or to a spec ified IP addr ess .
Chapter 6: IP Rout ing Co nfigura tion Guide 92 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l packets to be processed on the SSR even if dir ected broadcast is not enabled on the interface receivin g the p acket. Simi larl y , t he SS R inst all s flows t o drop pac kets d estine d fo r the SSR f or whi ch ser vice is not pr ovided by t h e SSR.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 93 Chapter 6: IP Routing Conf igurat i on Guide addr ess or an interfa ce is configur ed for the limited br oadcast ad d res s 255.255 .255.255, t h e r outer advertisement includes all IP addre sses configur ed on the ph ysic a l interface.
Chapter 6: IP Rout ing Co nfigura tion Guide 94 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Y o u c an also as sign an IP or IPX i nterfac e direc tly t o a physi cal po r t . For example, to assign an IP inter face ‘RED’ t o physical po r t et .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 95 Chapter 7 VRRP Con figuration Guide VRR P Overview This chapte r ex plains how to s et up and mon itor th e V ir tual Rou ter Red undanc y Pr otocol (VRRP ) on the SSR.
Chapter 7 : VRRP Conf i gurati on Guide 96 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Ba sic V RRP Co n fi gura t ion Figure 4 shows a bas i c VRRP confi gurati on with a si n gle virtual rout er . Routers R1 an d R2 ar e both configur ed with one virtual r o uter ( VR ID=1 ).
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 97 Chapter 7: VRRP Config uration Guide In VRRP , the router that owns the IP add r ess associated with the v ir t ual r o uter is the Master . Any other ro uters that par ticipate in this virtual router ar e B ackups.
Chapter 7 : VRRP Conf i gurati on Guide 98 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Fi gur e 5. S ymme tri ca l VRRP C onf igur at ion In this co nfiguration, half t he hosts us e 10.0. 0. 1/16 as their d efault r o ute, and h a l f use 10.0. 0.2/16.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 99 Chapter 7: VRRP Config uration Guide On line 5, Router R1 associ ates IP addres s 10.0.0.2/16 wit h virtual r outer VRID =2 . Howe ver , sin ce Rout er R1 does n ot own IP add ress 10 .0.0. 2/16, it is not th e defaul t Maste r fo r vir tual rou te r VRID =2 .
Chapter 7 : VRRP Conf i gurati on Guide 100 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Fig ur e 6. Mu lti- Bac kup VR RP Co nfigu rati on In this c onfigur ation, R outer R 1 is t he M aster f or virtual router VR ID=1 an d the primary Backup for virtual ro ut ers VRID =2 an d VRID= 3 .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 101 Chapter 7: VRRP Config uration Guide Con fi gur ati on of R out er R1 The followin g is t he c onfigur ation file for Router R1 in Fig ur e 6 . Router R1’s IP address on interface tes t is 10.0.0.1. Ther e are three vir tual routers on this interface: • VRID =1 – IP addr ess=10.
Chapter 7 : VRRP Conf i gurati on Guide 102 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l The foll owi n g tabl e show s the prior iti es for eac h vi rtua l r outer con figu red on Rou ter R1. Con fi gur ati on of R out er R2 The followin g is t he c onfigur ation file for Router R2 in Fig ur e 6 .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 103 Chapter 7: VRRP Config uration Guide Note: Sinc e 100 is t h e default pri ority , li n e 9, which sets th e pr ior ity to 100, is actua l ly unnece ssary . It is included for illustration p urpose s only .
Chapter 7 : VRRP Conf i gurati on Guide 104 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Setting the Backu p Priori ty As des cri be d in “Multi-Backu p Configuration” on page 99 , yo u ca n specify which Backup r outer takes over when the Master router goes down by setting th e priority for the Backup r outers.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 105 Chapter 7: VRRP Config uration Guide Setting an Auth entic ation Key By default, no authentic ation of VRRP packets is performed on the SSR. Y ou can specify a clear -text password to be used to authentic ate VRRP exchanges.
Chapter 7 : VRRP Conf i gurati on Guide 106 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l ip- r edu ndanc y sho w Th e ip-redundancy show c ommand repor ts informat ion abou t a VRRP configurat ion. T o displa y V RRP informa tion, e nter the f ollowin g c omma nds in Ena ble m ode.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 107 Chapter 7: VRRP Config uration Guide • A virtual ro uter will respond to A RP reques ts w ith a virtual MA C a ddr e ss.
Chapter 7 : VRRP Conf i gurati on Guide 108 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 109 Chapter 8 RI P Confi guration Guide RI P Overv iew This ch apter d escri bes how to con figu re the R outing Infor mati on Pr otoc ol ( RIP) o n the Smart Switc h Router . RIP is a dis tance- vecto r rout ing pr otoco l for u se in small n etwork s.
Chapter 8: RIP Con figurat ion Guide 110 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Enab lin g an d Dis ablin g RI P T o enabl e or disab le RIP , e nte r one of t he fo llo wing co mmands in Co nfigu re mode.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 111 Chapter 8: RIP Config uration Gui de T o change RIP parameters, enter the following commands in Configur e mode. Auth entic ation N one Upda te i nt erval 30 se conds Set RI P V ersion on an inter face to RI P V1 .
Chapter 8: RIP Con figurat ion Guide 112 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Con fi guri ng RIP Ro ut e Preferenc e Y ou can set the prefer ence o f ro u tes lear n ed fr o m RIP . T o configure RIP route prefer en ce, en ter the fo ll owing c om mand in C onfigur e mode.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 113 Chapter 8: RIP Config uration Gui de Configuratio n Exampl e Show R IP informat ion on the specifie d interface. rip sh ow inte rf ac e <Name or IP-addr> Show RIP in terfac e polic y infor matio n.
Chapter 8: RIP Con figurat ion Guide 114 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l ! ! Ch an ge de fault metr ic-ou t rip se t int erfac e SSR1-i f1 me tric- out 3.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 115 Chapter 9 OSPF Con figuration Guide OSPF Ov er vie w Ope n Shor test Pat h First ( OSPF) is a lin k-st ate rout ing pr otocol tha t suppor ts IP subnet ting and authenti cation. The SSR supports OSPF V ersion 2.
Chapter 9 : OSPF Conf i gu ration Guide 116 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l OSPF M ult ipat h Th e SSR also suppor ts O SPF and static M ulti-pa th. If mu ltiple e qua l-cost O SPF or st atic r outes have been d efined fo r any d est inat ion, then t he SSR “disc ov ers” and uses a l l of them.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 117 Ch apter 9: OSPF Config uration Guide C onfig urin g O SPF Int erfa ce Par ameters Y ou can configur e the OSPF in terf ace parameters shown in the table below . T o configure OSPF interface pa rameters, enter one of t h e following commands in Config u r e mod e: T able 4.
Chapter 9 : OSPF Conf i gu ration Guide 118 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l C onfig ur ing an OSPF Ar ea OSPF area s are a collection of subnets that ar e gro uped in a logical fashion. These areas commu nica te with other ar eas vi a the bac kbone ar e a.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 119 Ch apter 9: OSPF Config uration Guide C onfig ur ing OSP F Ar ea Pa ramet er s The SSR al lows c onfigur atio n of var ious OSPF ar ea par amete rs, includi ng st ub ar eas, st ub cost and auth en t icati on meth od.
Chapter 9 : OSPF Conf i gu ration Guide 120 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l T o configure virtual links , enter the fo llow ing command s in the Config ur e m ode.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 121 Ch apter 9: OSPF Config uration Guide Monitoring OS PF The S SR lets you d isplay OSPF sta tistic s and con figura tions c ontain ed in the r out ing tabl e. Informa tion displa yed provides routing and p erforma nce informa tion.
Chapter 9 : OSPF Conf i gu ration Guide 122 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l OSP F Co nfiguration Ex amples For all examples in this section, r ef er to the configu ration shown in Figure 7 o n page 1 26 .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 123 Ch apter 9: OSPF Config uration Guide Exporti ng A ll I nte rface & Sta tic R outes to OSPF Router R1 has several static routes . W e would export these static ro utes as type-2 OSPF r outes . The interfa ce routes would be redis tributed as type- 1 OSPF routes.
Chapter 9 : OSPF Conf i gu ration Guide 124 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Rou ter R1 wou l d li ke to re dist ribute its OS P F , OSPF- ASE, RIP , Stat ic and In terface/ Dir ect r outes in to RIP . 1. Enabl e RIP on inte rface 120. 190.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 125 Ch apter 9: OSPF Config uration Guide 9. Creat e a RIP export destinat i on . 10. Creat e OSPF export source. 1 1. Creat e OSPF-ASE export sour ce. 12. Create the Expo rt-Policy for redistribut ing all interface , RIP , static, O SPF and OSPF- ASE ro utes in to RIP .
Chapter 9 : OSPF Conf i gu ration Guide 126 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Fi gur e 7. Exp or ting to OS PF BGP R1 R2 R3 R4 1 R4 2 R6 R1 1 A r e a B a c k b o n e A r e a 1 4 0 .1.0 .0 (R IP V 2 ) 140. 1.1.1/24 140. 1.2.1/24 140. 1.5/24 140.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 127 Ch apte r 10 BGP Con figuration Guide BGP Over view The Border Gate way P roto col (BG P) is an exter ior g ateway prot ocol th at all ows IP rou ters to exchange netw ork reachability informat ion.
Chapter 1 0: BGP Conf i gurati on Guide 128 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l The S SR BGP Imp le men tati on The SSR r outi ng pr otoc ol im plementat ion i s base d on GateD 4.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 129 Chapter 10: BGP Config uration Guide Se ttin g th e A uto nom ou s Sy ste m N umb er An auton omous s y ste m number id entif ies your au tonomou s syste m to other r oute rs. T o se t the SSR’s aut onomous syste m numb er , e nter t he f ollo wing co mmand in C onfig ure mo de.
Chapter 1 0: BGP Conf i gurati on Guide 130 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l wher e: peer -group <nu mber-or-str ing> Is a group ID, which can be a number or a character str in g. type Specifies the type of BGP group y ou ar e adding.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 131 Chapter 10: BGP Config uration Guide Ad ding a nd Remo vin g a BGP Pe er Ther e ar e tw o ways to ad d BGP peers to p eer gr o ups.
Chapter 1 0: BGP Conf i gurati on Guide 132 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l ( aspath_r egexp ) Par enthe ses g rou p su b e xpres sions. An o perat or , su ch as * or ? works on a sing le element or on a regular expressio n enclosed in parenth es es.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 133 Chapter 10: BGP Config uration Guide AS-Path R egular E xpression Examp les T o import MCI rout es with a prefer ence of 16 5: T o import all routes (.
Chapter 1 0: BGP Conf i gurati on Guide 134 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l The follo w ing is an example: Notes on Us ing the AS Path P repend Feat ure • Use th e as-count option for extern al peer -hosts only .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 135 Chapter 10: BGP Config uration Guide • BGP Mult i-Exit Discr iminator (MED) attrib ute • EBGP aggregation • Ro ute ref lecti on BGP P eerin g Sessi on Ex amp le The r outer pro cess used for a s pec ific BGP peering ses sion is know n as a BGP sp eaker .
Chapter 1 0: BGP Conf i gurati on Guide 136 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Figure 8 illus trates a s ample B GP peerin g session. Figure 8 . Sam ple BG P Pe ering Session The C LI configur ation for ro uter SSR1 i s as follows: inte rf ac e cre at e ip e t.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 137 Chapter 10: BGP Config uration Guide The g ated.conf file for router SSR1 is as fo llows: The C LI configur ation for ro uter SSR2 i s as follows: The g ated.
Chapter 1 0: BGP Conf i gurati on Guide 138 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l An IG P , like O SPF , could pos sibly be used instead of IB GP to exchange routing informa tion betwee n EBG P speakers within an AS. Howe ver , injecting full Internet r o utes (50,00 0+ routes) into an IGP puts an expen si v e burden on the IG P routers .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 139 Chapter 10: BGP Config uration Guide Figure 9 sho ws a sample BGP c onfig u rat ion t hat us es th e Rou ting gr ou p type. Figu r e 9. Sa mpl e IBG P Conf igur ati on (Ro uting Group T ype ) SSR6 SSR1 Cisc o SSR4 lo0 17 2.
Chapter 1 0: BGP Conf i gurati on Guide 140 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l In th is example, OSPF is con figur ed as the I GP in th e a utonomo us syste m.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 141 Chapter 10: BGP Config uration Guide The following lines on the Cisco router set up IB GP peering with router SSR6.
Chapter 1 0: BGP Conf i gurati on Guide 142 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Figure 10 illust rate s a sample IB GP Inte rnal gro up confi gurat ion. Fig ur e 10. S amp le IBG P Co nfigu rati on (Inte r nal Group T y pe ) The C LI configur ation for ro uter SSR1 i s as follows: AS-1 SSR2 SSR1 17.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 143 Chapter 10: BGP Config uration Guide The g ated.conf file for router SSR1 is as fo llows: The C LI configur ation for ro uter SSR2 i s as follows: The g ated.conf file for router SSR2 is as fo llows: auto no mo ussys te m 1 ; rout er id 16.
Chapter 1 0: BGP Conf i gurati on Guide 144 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Th e co nfi g ura tion f or ro ut er C 1 (a C isco ro uter ) i s a s f ol lows : Th e co nfi g ura tion f or ro.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 145 Chapter 10: BGP Config uration Guide This sample configura tion sh ow s External BGP peers, SSR1 and SSR4, which are n ot con nect ed to the sam e subn et. The C LI configur ation for ro uter SSR1 i s as follows: Physical Li nk Le ge n d: Peering Rel ationshi p SSR1 16.
Chapter 1 0: BGP Conf i gurati on Guide 146 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l The g ated.conf file for router SSR1 is as fo llows: The C LI configur ation for ro uter SSR2 i s as follows: The g ated.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 147 Chapter 10: BGP Config uration Guide The g ated.conf file for router SSR3 is as fo llows: The C LI configur ation for ro uter SSR4 i s as follows: The g ated.
Chapter 1 0: BGP Conf i gurati on Guide 148 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l F igur e 1 1. Sa mpl e BGP Co nfi gur ati on (Sp eci fic Co mmun ity ) AS-64902 R11 172.26.1.2/16 172.25.1.2/16 192.168.20.2/ 16 172.25.1.1/16 1.1 R13 1.6 R10 192.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 149 Chapter 10: BGP Config uration Guide Figu r e 12 . Sa mp le BG P Conf ig urat ion (Well -Know n Com mu nity ) The Community at tribute can be us ed in t hree ways : 1.
Chapter 1 0: BGP Conf i gurati on Guide 150 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l In Fig ur e 12 , rou te r SS R 11 h a s th e fol l owi n g c on fi gu ra ti o n: # # C rea te an op ti onal at .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 151 Chapter 10: BGP Config uration Guide In Fig ur e 12 , rou te r SS R 13 h a s th e fol l owi n g c on fi gu ra ti o n: 3.
Chapter 1 0: BGP Conf i gurati on Guide 152 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l In Fig ur e 12 , rou te r SS R 10 h a s th e fol l owi n g c on fi gu ra ti o n: In Fi gu r e 12 , rou ter S S .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 153 Chapter 10: BGP Config uration Guide The c ommunity attri bute may b e a s ingle com munit y or a set of co mmuni ties.
Chapter 1 0: BGP Conf i gurati on Guide 154 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Note s on U sin g Com mun ities When or iginat ing BGP co mmuniti es, the set of com munit ies that is ac tuall.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 155 Chapter 10: BGP Config uration Guide In the s ample n etwork in Figure 13 , all the traf fic exits Autonomous Sy stem 64901 th rough the link between router SSR13 and router SSR1 1. Th is is accomplished by setting the Local_Pref a ttribut e.
Chapter 1 0: BGP Conf i gurati on Guide 156 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l In router SSR12’ s CLI confi gur ati on file, t he import pref erence is set to 160: Using t h e for m ula fo.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 157 Chapter 10: BGP Config uration Guide Figure 14. Samp le BGP Config uratio n (MED A ttribu te) Router s SSR4 and SSR6 inform r outer C1 about network 172.
Chapter 1 0: BGP Conf i gurati on Guide 158 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l EB GP Ag gr egati o n Exam ple Figure 15 shows a s imple EBGP configura tion i n which one peer is exporting an aggregat ed ro ute to its upstream peer and restri c ti ng the advertisement of contributin g r outes t o the s ame peer .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 159 Chapter 10: BGP Config uration Guide Router SSR9 has the fol lowing CLI configurat ion: R oute Re flec tion Ex ampl e In som e ISP ne tworks , the in tern al BGP mesh b ecomes q uite l arge , and the IBGP f u ll mesh does n ot s cal e well.
Chapter 1 0: BGP Conf i gurati on Guide 160 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Figure 16 shows a sample conf igurat i on that us es rout e ref lectio n . Fi gur e 16 . S ampl e BGP Co nfi gu rati on (R out e Refl ect io n) In th is example, ther e are tw o cl uste rs.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 161 Chapter 10: BGP Config uration Guide Router SSR1 1 has router SSR12 and router SSR13 as clien t peers and router SSR10 as non- clie n t peer .
Chapter 1 0: BGP Conf i gurati on Guide 162 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Note s on U sin g Route Re fle ction • T wo types of route r eflection are supported: – By de fa ul t, all .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 163 Ch apte r 11 Rou ting Po licy Con figuration Guide Route Im port and Exp ort Policy O vervie w The SSR family of r outers supports ex tremely flexible routing po l ici es.
Chapter 1 1: Rout i ng Policy Conf igurat i on Guide 164 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Preferenc e Pref erence is the value the SSR routing process uses to or de r pr eference of route s from one pro to col or peer o ver another . Pr eference can be s et usi ng several d if ferent configurati o n comma nds.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 165 Chapter 11: Routi ng Poli cy Config uration Guide Impor t Policie s Impo rt poli cie s contr ol the impo rtatio n of rou tes f rom ro utin g pr otoc ols and the ir inst all ation in the r outing datab ases ( Routin g Inf orma tion B ase and Forwar din g Inf orm a tio n Bas e) .
Chapter 1 1: Rout i ng Policy Conf igurat i on Guide 166 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l It is onl y po ssible to res trict th e importat ion of OSPF AS E rout es when funct ioni n g as an AS b orde r rou ter . Like the other i nt er ior prot oc ols, prefer ence cannot be used to choose between OSPF ASE rout es .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 167 Chapter 11: Routi ng Poli cy Config uration Guide The ro ut es to be exported ca n be identified by their associated attributes: • Th ei r p rot oc ol t yp e ( RI P , O S PF , BG P , St atic , D i rect , A ggre ga te) .
Chapter 1 1: Rout i ng Policy Conf igurat i on Guide 168 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l A route w ill match the m ost sp ecific filt er th at appli es. S pecifyi ng more t han one filter w ith th e same de sti n at io n, mask , a nd mo di fie r s ge nera t es a n er ror .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 169 Chapter 11: Routi ng Poli cy Config uration Guide Rou te aggre gation i s also used by r egional an d na tional net works to re duce the amou nt of r outin g in format i o n pas sed ar ound.
Chapter 1 1: Rout i ng Policy Conf igurat i on Guide 170 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Route -Fi lte r This c om ponent spec ifies the individual r outes that are to be a g gr eg ated or summarized. The pre ference to be associated with these rout es c an also be explicitly specified using t his comp onent.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 171 Chapter 11: Routi ng Poli cy Config uration Guide Man y pro tocol s all ow th e spe cifi cati on of two authenti cati on k eys per int erfa ce.
Chapter 1 1: Rout i ng Policy Conf igurat i on Guide 172 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Th e from-p roto parameter s pecifies the protocol of the s our ce ro u tes. The values for the fr om-p r oto para mete r can be rip , ospf , bg p , direc t , stat ic , aggreg ate and os p f-ase .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 173 Chapter 11: Routi ng Poli cy Config uration Guide Re di str ib utin g RI P in to R IP The SSR ro utin g pr oces s r equir es RIP red istri butio n into RIP if a pr otoco l is red istri buted in to RIP .
Chapter 1 1: Rout i ng Policy Conf igurat i on Guide 174 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l T o red ist r ib ute a gg reg ate rout es, ent er on e o f th e fol lo win g co mm a nd s in Co nf.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 175 Chapter 11: Routi ng Poli cy Config uration Guide Exporting a Given Static R oute to All RIP Interfac es Router R1 h as s everal static r outes of which one is t he default route. W e w ould expor t this default route o ver all RIP i nterfaces.
Chapter 1 1: Rout i ng Policy Conf igurat i on Guide 176 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l • Specify t he static routes configur ed on the router • De termi ne it s OSPF con figu rati on Exporti ng A ll I nte rface & Sta tic R outes to OSPF Router R1 has severa l static r outes.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 177 Chapter 11: Routi ng Poli cy Config uration Guide In the configuration sh own in Figur e 18 on page 187 , suppos e we deci de t o ru n RIP V ersi on 2 on networ k 120.1 90.0.0 /16, connecti ng router s R1 and R2.
Chapter 1 1: Rout i ng Policy Conf igurat i on Guide 178 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l r outes t o be e xport ed can be ide ntifi ed by the ir assoc iated attr ibu tes, such as prot ocol t y pe , inte rface or the gate way f rom whi ch the r oute was r ecei ved, a n d so on .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 179 Chapter 11: Routi ng Poli cy Config uration Guide Creating a n E xport Destin atio n T o creat e an export destination, enter one the following commands.
Chapter 1 1: Rout i ng Policy Conf igurat i on Guide 180 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l T o create r out e import polic ies, enter the followin g comma nd in Configure mode: Th e <imp-sr c-id> is the identifi er of the import-sour ce that determines the source of the imported rout es.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 181 Chapter 11: Routi ng Poli cy Config uration Guide • Aggregate-Destin atio n - This component speci fies the aggre g a t e/summarized r oute. It also specifies the attri b utes associat ed with the aggregate route.
Chapter 1 1: Rout i ng Policy Conf igurat i on Guide 182 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l C re atin g an Aggr egate Dest inat ion T o create an aggregate destinatio n, enter the following .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 183 Chapter 11: Routi ng Poli cy Config uration Guide The fol lo wing co nfigur ati on comma nds f or ro uter R1 • Determine the IP address for each interface. • Specify t he static routes configur ed on the router .
Chapter 1 1: Rout i ng Policy Conf igurat i on Guide 184 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Imp ortin g a S elected S ubse t of Ro ut es from O ne RIP T ru sted Ga teway Router R1 has several RIP peers. Router R41 has an interfac e on the network 10.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 185 Chapter 11: Routi ng Poli cy Config uration Guide 1. Add the peer 140.1.1.41 to th e list o f tr usted and source gateways. 2. Cr eate a RIP i mport sour ce wi th the g ateway as 140. 1.1.4 si nce we w ould like to import all r o utes except the 10.
Chapter 1 1: Rout i ng Policy Conf igurat i on Guide 186 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l It is onl y po ssible to res trict th e importat ion of OSPF AS E rout es when funct ioni n g as an AS b orde r rou ter . Like the other i nt er ior prot oc ols, prefer ence cannot be used to choose between OSPF ASE r outes.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 187 Chapter 11: Routi ng Poli cy Config uration Guide Figure 18. Exp ortin g to OSPF BGP R1 R2 R3 R41 R42 R6 R11 A r e a B a c k b o n e A r e a 1 4 0.1 .0.0 (R IP V 2) 14 0 .1.1 .1 /2 4 140 . 1. 2. 1/ 24 140.
Chapter 1 1: Rout i ng Policy Conf igurat i on Guide 188 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l The fol lo wing co nfigur ati on comma nds f or ro uter R1: • Determine the IP address for each .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 189 Chapter 11: Routi ng Poli cy Config uration Guide Ex ampl es of Ex port Pol icies Examp le 1: Ex portin g to RIP Expo rting to RIP is contr olled by a ny of prot ocol, i nte rface or gate way .
Chapter 1 1: Rout i ng Policy Conf igurat i on Guide 190 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Exporting a Given Static R oute to All RIP Interfac es Ro uter R1 h as se veral stati c r outes , of wh ich on e is t h e d efaul t r oute. W e wou l d e xport this default route o ver all RIP i nterfaces.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 191 Chapter 11: Routi ng Poli cy Config uration Guide 4. Creat e a Direc t ex port sour c e since we would like to export dir ect/interface routes. 5. Crea te the export-po licy redistribut ing the statically created default route, and all (RIP , Direct) routes into R I P .
Chapter 1 1: Rout i ng Policy Conf igurat i on Guide 192 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Exporting All Static Routes R eachab le Over a Given Interfac e to a Sp ecific RIP- Interf ace In this case, router R1 wo uld export/red istribute all static routes accessible through its inter face 130.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 193 Chapter 11: Routi ng Poli cy Config uration Guide 1. Creat e an Aggregat e-Destination w h ich r epr es ents t he aggregat e/sum marized r oute. 2. Creat e an Aggregate-Sour ce which qualifies the source of the rout es c ontributing to th e ag greg ate .
Chapter 1 1: Rout i ng Policy Conf igurat i on Guide 194 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l 8. Creat e the Export-Policy r edistributing a l l (R IP , Direct) routes and the aggr egate rout e 140.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 195 Chapter 11: Routi ng Poli cy Config uration Guide Exporti ng A ll I nte rface & Sta tic R outes to OSPF Router R1 has several static routes . W e would export these static ro utes as type-2 OSPF r outes .
Chapter 1 1: Rout i ng Policy Conf igurat i on Guide 196 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l 4. Creat e a Direc t ex port sour c e since we would like to export interfac e/d irec t routes. 5. Crea te th e Expo rt-Poli cy for redis tributing all in terfac e routes and stat ic routes int o OS P F .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 197 Chapter 11: Routi ng Poli cy Config uration Guide 5. Creat e a RIP export sour c e. 6. Cr eate a Static export source . 7. Creat e a Dir ect expo rt so u r ce. 8. Crea te the Expo rt-Poli cy for r e distribut ing all inter face, RIP and stat ic r out es into OS P F .
Chapter 1 1: Rout i ng Policy Conf igurat i on Guide 198 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l 12. Create the Expo rt-Policy for redistribut ing all interface , RIP , static, O SPF and OSPF- ASE ro utes in to RIP .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 199 Ch apte r 12 Multicast R outing Con figuration Guide IP Multic ast Overview Mul ticast r out ing on the SSR is suppo rted th ro u gh DVMRP an d I GM P . IGMP is use d to dete rmin e hos t member ship on d i r ect ly attac hed subn ets.
Chapter 1 2: Multicast Routi ng Configur ation Guide 200 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l The SSR allows per-interface contro l of the host query in terval and response ti m e. Quer y int e rval d ef in e s the ti m e b etw ee n IG M P q ue rie s.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 201 Chapter 12: Multi cast Routing Conf igurat ion Gui de Configuring IGMP Y ou config ure IGMP on the SS R by performing th e followin g con figuration t a.
Chapter 1 2: Multicast Routi ng Configur ation Guide 202 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l T o configure the host res ponse wait t ime, en ter t he follo wing c omma nd in Config ure mo de:.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 203 Chapter 12: Multi cast Routing Conf igurat ion Gui de T o st art or stop DVMRP , enter one of the foll owing comm ands in Con figur e mode : C onfig urin g DVM RP on a n Interf ace DVMRP can be c ontr olled/configured on per-inter face basis.
Chapter 1 2: Multicast Routi ng Configur ation Guide 204 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l C onfig ur ing DVMRP TT L & S cope Fo r con trol ov er i nter ne t tra ffic , p er- int erfa ce co nt rol is allo w ed thro ug h Sco pe s and TT L thr esh olds.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 205 Chapter 12: Multi cast Routing Conf igurat ion Gui de DVMRP tunnels need to be c r eated befor e bein g enabled. T unnels are rec ognized by the tunnel n ame. Once a DVM RP tunnel is created, yo u can enable DVMRP on t he interface.
Chapter 1 2: Multicast Routi ng Configur ation Guide 206 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Configuratio n Exampl es The followin g is a sample S SR c onfigurat ion fo r DVM RP a nd IG MP . Seven subne ts are cr eated. IGMP is en abled on 4 IP inter faces.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 207 Chapter 12: Multi cast Routing Conf igurat ion Gui de.
Chapter 1 2: Multicast Routi ng Configur ation Guide 208 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 209 Ch apte r 13 IP Policy-Based Forw ar ding Con figuration Guide Over vi e w Y ou c an c onfig ur e the SSR to r oute IP pac kets accor di ng to po licies that you defin e.
Chapter 13: IP Po licy-Bas ed Forw arding Co nfigura tion Gui de 210 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l dif ferent ISPs. Y ou c an also cr eate I P poli c ies to select service pr oviders based on various tr affi c typ es .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 211 Chapter 13: IP Pol icy-Base d Forwar ding Conf igurat ion Guide cause packets matching a defined profile to be forwarded to a nex t-h op gateway , enter.
Chapter 13: IP Po licy-Bas ed Forw arding Co nfigura tion Gui de 212 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l which me ans it is ev aluated be fore the ip policy den y statement, which has a sequence number o f 900. Setting Load Di stributi on for N ext-hop G ate ways Y o u can spec ify up to four nex t-hop ga teways i n an ip-policy statement.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 213 Chapter 13: IP Pol icy-Base d Forwar ding Conf igurat ion Guide T o se t the IP pol icy acti on with r espec t to dynam i c or st atic ally c onfigur ed.
Chapter 13: IP Po licy-Bas ed Forw arding Co nfigura tion Gui de 214 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l T o apply an IP policy to an interface, enter one o f the foll owing commands in Co nf.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 215 Chapter 13: IP Pol icy-Base d Forwar ding Conf igurat ion Guide In the samp le co nfiguratio n in Fi gure 19 , the p ol icy router i s c onfigured t o divide traff ic ori ginating wit h in the cor porate netwo rk between d if fer ent ISPs (100.
Chapter 13: IP Po licy-Bas ed Forw arding Co nfigura tion Gui de 216 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Pri orit izin g Servi ce to Cust omers An ISP ca n use policy-based routi n g on an access router to supply differ ent customers with different leve ls of s ervice.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 217 Chapter 13: IP Pol icy-Base d Forwar ding Conf igurat ion Guide The followin g is t he I P polic y con figuratio n for the Po licy R outer in Figure 20 .
Chapter 13: IP Po licy-Bas ed Forw arding Co nfigura tion Gui de 218 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l The followin g is t he I P polic y con figuratio n for the Po licy R outer in Figure 2.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 219 Chapter 13: IP Pol icy-Base d Forwar ding Conf igurat ion Guide The followin g is t he c onfigur ation for Polic y Ro uter 1 in Figure 22 . The followin g is t he c onfigur ation for Polic y Ro uter 2 in Figure 22 .
Chapter 13: IP Po licy-Bas ed Forw arding Co nfigura tion Gui de 220 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l For example, to d is pl a y infor m atio n about an acti v e IP polic y call ed “p1”, enter the follow ing co mm and in Ena ble m ode: Lege nd: 1.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 221 Chapter 13: IP Pol icy-Base d Forwar ding Conf igurat ion Guide 5. The sour ce ad dr ess and fil terin g mask of this flow . 6. Th e des t in ati on ad d r e s s an d fi lte r ing m ask of th i s flow . 7.
Chapter 13: IP Po licy-Bas ed Forw arding Co nfigura tion Gui de 222 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 223 Ch apte r 14 Network Addr ess Tr a n s l a t i o n Con figuration Guide Over vi e w Note: Some com mand s in t h is facility require updated S SR hardw ar e . Please refer to the Relea se Not es for detail s.
Chapter 1 4: Network Address T ran slation Confi gurati on Gui de 224 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l • St atic, on e-to- one bindi n g of i nside, local ad dress or addr ess poo l to outsi de, gl obal addr ess or ad dr ess pool. A static address bin di ng does not ex pire until t h e c omm and that defines the binding is negated.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 225 Chapter 14: Ne twork Addr ess T rans lation Config uration Gui de Se tti ng N A T Ru le s Static Y ou crea te NA T static b indin gs b y en tering t he following com ma nd in C onf igure mo de.
Chapter 1 4: Network Address T ran slation Confi gurati on Gui de 226 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l NA T and F T P File T ransfer Pr otoc ol (F TP) pac kets re quire spec ial handling with N A T , because the F T P POR T comma n d p acke ts c ontain IP ad dr ess i nfor mation within th e data porti on of the packet.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 227 Chapter 14: Ne twork Addr ess T rans lation Config uration Gui de The fir st st ep is to c re ate the i nterf aces: Next, def i ne the interfa ces to be.
Chapter 1 4: Network Address T ran slation Confi gurati on Gui de 228 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Dy namic Confi gurat ion The following example configures a dynamic addr ess binding for inside addr esses 10.1. 1.0/24 to outs ide addres s 192.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 229 Chapter 14: Ne twork Addr ess T rans lation Config uration Gui de Dyn amic bi nding s are remo ved when the flo w count for that bi ndin g goes to zer o or the timeout has been reached . The free globals ar e used again for the next packet.
Chapter 1 4: Network Address T ran slation Confi gurati on Gui de 230 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Usin g Dynamic NA T with IP Overlo ad Dynamic N A T with IP o verlo ad can be used when t he local netwo rk (ins ide ne twor k) will be in itializin g the c onnect ions us ing TC P or U DP protocols.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 231 Chapter 14: Ne twork Addr ess T rans lation Config uration Gui de Next, def i ne the interfa ces to be NA T “inside” or “outside ”: The n, de fi.
Chapter 1 4: Network Address T ran slation Confi gurati on Gui de 232 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 233 Ch apte r 15 We b H o s t i n g Con figuration Guide Over vi e w Acces sing in formatio n on W eb sites fo r both w ork or personal pur poses is bec oming a normal prac tice for an incr easing number of people.
Chapter 15: Web Hos ting C onfigura tion Guide 234 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Load Bala ncing Note: Some com mand s in t h is facility require updated S SR hardw ar e . Please refer to the Relea se Not es for detail s. Y o u can use the load balanci ng featur e on th e SSR to dist ribute sess ion loa d acros s a grou p of servers.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 235 Chapter 15: Web Hosting Config uration Guide new sessio n. The w eighte d r ound robin policy is a variatio n of the ro u nd-rob in p olic y , wher e eac h s erver ta kes o n new se ssio ns accor di ng to it s assi gned wei ght.
Chapter 15: Web Hos ting C onfigura tion Guide 236 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Lo ad Ba lan c ing an d F T P File T rans fer Protocol (F TP) packets r equire sp ecial handl ing with loa d balanc ing, becau se the F TP PO R T c ommand packets contain IP address information withi n the data portion of the pac k et.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 237 Chapter 15: Web Hosting Config uration Guide Di spla yin g Loa d Balanc in g Info rmati on T o displa y load bala ncing in form ation, ente r the follow ing co mm ands in En able mode . C onfig urati on Ex ampl es This secti on shows exa mples of load balanc ing configur ations.
Chapter 15: Web Hos ting C onfigura tion Guide 238 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l The netw ork shown above can be c reate d with th e f ollowi ng load-b alanc e command s: Web Hostin g w.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 239 Chapter 15: Web Hosting Config uration Guide The netw ork shown above can be c reate d with th e f ollowi ng load-b alanc e command s: Vi rt ual I P Add r es s Ra n ges ISPs who provide web h os ting se rvic es for their cli en ts require a lar ge number of v irtu al IP addresses (VIPs).
Chapter 15: Web Hos ting C onfigura tion Guide 240 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l The netw ork shown i n the pre vious e x am pl e can be cr eated wi th t he follo wing load- balance commands: W eb C aching W e b cac h ing prov id es a way to sto re frequ en tly acc ess e d W eb ob je ct s on a c a che of lo ca l servers .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 241 Chapter 15: Web Hosting Config uration Guide Creating the Cache Group Y ou ca n s pe cif y ei th er a ran ge of IP a dd re ss es o r a li st of u p t o fo ur I P a dd res se s to d e fin e the servers when the cache group is crea ted.
Chapter 15: Web Hos ting C onfigura tion Guide 242 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l C onfig urati on Ex ampl e In the following example, a cache group of seven local servers is configured .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 243 Chapter 15: Web Hosting Config uration Guide which HTTP requests ar e n ot redir ected to the cache servers, enter the following co mmand in Conf igur e mod e: Pr o xy Serve r R edund ancy Some net works use pr oxy server s that r eceiv e HTTP r equest s on a non-st andar d port number (i.
Chapter 15: Web Hos ting C onfigura tion Guide 244 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Sho w ca ch ing p ol icy in fo rma tio n. web- cach e sho w ca che- na me <ca che-name> |all Sho w ca ch e serv e r info rm atio n.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 245 Ch apte r 16 IPX R outing Con figuration Guide IPX Routin g Overv iew The In terne twork Pa cket Exc hange (I PX) is a data gram c onnection less pr oto col for the Novell NetW are enviro n ment. Y ou can configure the SSR for IPX ro uting and SAP .
Chapter 1 6: IPX Ro uting Configur ation Guide 246 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l this in format ion is immed iately br oadcast to an y ne ighbor ing r oute rs. Rou ters als o send pe rio d ic RI P broad ca s t pac ke ts co nt a ini ng a ll routi ng in for m ati on kno wn to th e rou te r .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 247 Chapter 16: IPX Routing Conf igurat ion Guide Configuring IPX RIP & S AP This section provides an overview of co nfiguring various IPX parame ters and setting up IPX in terfaces. IPX R IP On the SSR, RIP aut omatic ally runs on all IPX interfaces.
Chapter 1 6: IPX Ro uting Configur ation Guide 248 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Configuring IPX Interfac e s and Parameters This sect ion pro vide s an ove rview of config uring var ious I P X parame ters a n d se tting u p IPX in terfaces.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 249 Chapter 16: IPX Routing Conf igurat ion Guide • 802.2 : 802.2 encapsulat ion method used within Novell I P X envir onments Configuring IPX Routing By defau lt, IPX ro utin g is en abled on the SSR. Ena bling I PX RIP IPX RI P is en abled by defa ult on the SSR.
Chapter 1 6: IPX Ro uting Configur ation Guide 250 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l C onfig ur ing Stat ic SA P T abl e E ntri es Servers in an IPX network use SAP t o advertise services vi a broadcas t pac ket s. Services fr om ser vers ar e stor ed in th e S erver I nformati on T abl e.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 251 Chapter 16: IPX Routing Conf igurat ion Guide Cr eatin g an IPX T ype 20 Acc ess C ontr ol L ist IPX t yp e 2 0 a cces s co nt rol lis ts c ontro l th e for w ardi ng o f I PX ty pe 20 pa cke ts .
Chapter 1 6: IPX Ro uting Configur ation Guide 252 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Creating an I PX RIP Access Contro l List IPX RIP a cce ss co n t rol lists con tr ol w h ic h RIP updat es ar e allowed .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 253 Chapter 16: IPX Routing Conf igurat ion Guide • Adds a SAP access list • Adds a GNS ac cess lis t ! Cr ea te inte rf ac e ip x1 w ith i px a ddre ss AA AAAA AA inte rf ac e cre at e ipx ip x1 addr es s AAAA AA AA port e t.
Chapter 1 6: IPX Ro uting Configur ation Guide 254 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 255 Ch apte r 17 Access Con tr ol List Con figuration Guide Note: Some com mand s in t h is facility require updated S SR hardw ar e . Please refer to the Relea se Not es for detail s. This ch apter exp lains ho w to con figur e and use Ac cess Cont rol Li sts (A C Ls) on the SSR.
Chapter 1 7: Access Contro l Li st Config uration Guide 256 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l ACL Basics An AC L consis ts of o ne or m ore rules d es cribing a parti cul ar type of IP or I P X traf fic . ACL s can be si mple, co nsisti ng of only one ru le, or co mpli cated wi th many ru les.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 257 Chapter 17: Access Contr ol Li st Config uration Guide that all ow you to r estrict traf fic for a specific IP-based pr ot oco l ; for example, the acl permit|deny tcp command lets you re stric t only TCP tra f fic.
Chapter 1 7: Access Contro l Li st Config uration Guide 258 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l always b e l isted ahead of rules that ar e les s specific. For example, t h e fol lowing ACL permits al l TCP t r af fic except those fr om subnet 1 0.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 259 Chapter 17: Access Contr ol Li st Config uration Guide Although th e implicit deny rule may seem obvio us in t he above exa mple, this is not always the case. For example, consider the following ACL rule: If a packet c om es i n fr om a network o ther than 10.
Chapter 1 7: Access Contro l Li st Config uration Guide 260 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Other wise, it w ill be rejected. T o d o this , en ter the follo wing c omma nd in Co nfig ur .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 261 Chapter 17: Access Contr ol Li st Config uration Guide 101 by enter i ng, no acl 101 * . The negati on o f all relat ed A CL c omma nds is im portant bec ause it r emo ves any pote ntial confus ion cau sed by the add ition of new ACL rul es to existing r ules.
Chapter 1 7: Access Contro l Li st Config uration Guide 262 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Using ACLs It is i mporta nt to unde rstand tha t an ACL is sim ply a defin ition of packet ch aracte rist ics specif ied in a set of r ules.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 263 Chapter 17: Access Contr ol Li st Config uration Guide interfac e. N onethel ess , for performance reas ons, w henev er possible, you should crea te and appl y an A C L t o the inbound inter face.
Chapter 1 7: Access Contro l Li st Config uration Guide 264 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l The following SSR featur es use ACL profiles: Note th e foll owing abou t using Pro file ACLs: • Onl y IP ACLs can be used as Prof ile AC L s . A CLs fo r non-I P pro tocols ca n not be used as Profile ACLs .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 265 Chapter 17: Access Contr ol Li st Config uration Guide 15.1. 1.0/24). T hen you use an ip-policy command to specify w hat happens to packets that matc h th e selec tion cr i teria (in t his e x ample, forward them t o addres s 10.
Chapter 1 7: Access Contro l Li st Config uration Guide 266 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l See “Limiti ng T raf fic Ra te” on page 291 for more informat i on on using the rate-limi t co mmand.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 267 Chapter 17: Access Contr ol Li st Config uration Guide Th is comman d creates a Profile ACL called pr of3 that uses as its selec tion criteria a ll IGMP.
Chapter 1 7: Access Contro l Li st Config uration Guide 268 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l and a de stinat ion ad d r ess of 1. 2.3.4 ) fr om being redi rec ted t o a c ache server . Pac kets that ma tch the pr ofil e’s sel ecti on crit eria ar e sent to th e In tern et instea d.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 269 Chapter 17: Access Contr ol Li st Config uration Guide cr eating ad ditional d e l ay . Therefor e, you should consider the potential performanc e impa ct befo r e turning on A CL Logg ing. Monitoring ACLs Th e SSR p rovides a displa y of A CL c onf igurations activ e in the sy stem .
Chapter 1 7: Access Contro l Li st Config uration Guide 270 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 271 Ch apte r 18 Security Con figuration Guide Sec urity O verv iew The SSR pro vides securi ty featur es that help contr ol access to th e SSR and fil ter tra ffi c go ing th rou gh th e SS R .
Chapter 1 8: Securi ty Con figuratio n Guide 272 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Configuring SSR Access Se curity Th is secti on des cribes the follo wing m etho ds of controlling acc ess.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 273 Chapter 18: Securi ty Conf iguration Guide Monitorin g RADIUS Y o u can monit or RADIUS configur ation and st atistics wit hin the SSR.
Chapter 1 8: Securi ty Con figuratio n Guide 274 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l C onfig ur ing T ACAC S Plu s Y ou ca n s ecu re lo gin or E n ab le m od e a cc ess to t he SS R by en abl i ng a T A CA CS Pl us cl ien t. A T AC AC S P lu s se r ver respo nd s to the SSR T AC AC S P l us cli en t to pro vid e au th en tic a tio n.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 275 Chapter 18: Securi ty Conf iguration Guide T o mon itor T ACACS P l us , enter t he follo wing co mmands in Enab le mode : Co nfi gu r i ng P ass w ords The SSR pr ovid es passwor d auth enticat ion fo r access ing the Use r and E nab le modes.
Chapter 1 8: Securi ty Con figuratio n Guide 276 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l C onfig ur ing Lay er - 2 Add re ss Fi lte rs If y ou wan t to contr ol acce ss to a sour ce or des tinatio n on a per -MAC addr ess basis , you can configur e an addr ess filter .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 277 Chapter 18: Securi ty Conf iguration Guide Con figu ring Laye r -2 Sta tic Entry Filt ers Stati c en try filte rs a l lo w or for ce tr aff ic to go to .
Chapter 1 8: Securi ty Con figuratio n Guide 278 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l • Comb ine a dest inati on s ecure por t fil ter with a flow stat ic entry to drop al l re ceive d traf .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 279 Chapter 18: Securi ty Conf iguration Guide Layer -2 Filter Exam ple s Figu r e 23. Source Filter E xample Examp le 1: Ad dress Filters Source filte r: The consul tant is not a llo wed to acce ss an y fil e ser vers.
Chapter 1 8: Securi ty Con figuratio n Guide 280 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Destination stati c en try: R es trict "login multicas ts" o r igin ating fr o m the engineer ing se g m ent (port e t.1.1) fr om reac h in g the fin ance s ervers .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 281 Chapter 18: Securi ty Conf iguration Guide Destination secure port: T o bl oc k acc e ss t o al l f ile se r ve rs on a ll p o rts f rom po r t et .
Chapter 1 8: Securi ty Con figuratio n Guide 282 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 283 Ch apte r 19 QoS C onfi guration Guide QoS & Lay er -2/L ayer -3/Layer -4 Fl ow Overv iew The SSR allow s networ k mana gers to ide ntify tra ff ic and set Qual ity of Ser vice (QoS) polic ies without c ompromising w ir e speed performance.
Chapter 1 9: QoS Conf i gurati on Guide 284 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l • Con tro l •H i g h •M e d i u m •L o w By a ssig ni ng p r iori ti es to netw o rk traffi c, yo u ca .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 285 Chapter 19: QoS Configurat ion Guide SSR Qu euin g Po lic ies Y o u can use one of two queu ing polici es on the SSR: • Stric t pr iority : Assures t h e higher priorities of thro ughput but at the expense of lower priorit ies.
Chapter 1 9: QoS Conf i gurati on Guide 286 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l • The fr ame gets as signed a pri ority wit hin the swi tch. Sele ct “low , medium, hig h or con trol ”. • The frame gets assigned a prior i ty within the switch, AND if the exit ports ar e trunk ports , the frame is as signed an 8 02.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 287 Chapter 19: QoS Configurat ion Guide Setting an IP Qo S Policy T o set a QoS p olicy on an IP traf fic fl ow , en ter the follo wing comm and in Co nfigur e mod e: For e xample, th e foll owing comma nd a ssign s contr ol prior ity to an y traf fic comin g fr om the 10.
Chapter 1 9: QoS Conf i gurati on Guide 288 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Specifyi ng Precedence for an IPX QoS Policy T o specify the precedence for an IPX QoS po licy , enter the following command in Config u r e mod e: Configuring SSR Queue ing Policy The SSR queuin g polic y is set on a sy stem-wid e ba sis.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 289 Chapter 19: QoS Configurat ion Guide The T oS octet part of the IP spec ific at io n , however , has not been widely employed in the past. The IETF i s lookin g in to using the T oS octet to he lp resolve IP qualit y problem s.
Chapter 1 9: QoS Conf i gurati on Guide 290 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Th e <tos> and <tos -mas k> parameters use values ranging from 0 to 255. They are used in con junct ion wit h each oth er to defi ne which bit in th e <t os> field o f the pac ket is signific ant.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 291 Chapter 19: QoS Configurat ion Guide and the T oS field set to 7. (In this example, the MBZ bit is included in the T oS field.
Chapter 1 9: QoS Conf i gurati on Guide 292 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l prior itization, t raffic rate lim iting is a m echani sm to control ba ndwid th us age of incoming tr affi c on a p er f lo w ba si s. A tr affi c pr ofil e is used to d efine t h e tr affic c har ac teris tics befor e an upper limit is assigned.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 293 Chapter 19: QoS Configurat ion Guide T raf fic fr om two interfac es, ‘ipcli ent1’ with IP addr ess 1.
Chapter 1 9: QoS Conf i gurati on Guide 294 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 295 Ch apte r 20 Perform ance Mon itoring Guide Performanc e Monitori ng Overview The SSR is a full wire-speed layer -2, 3 and 4 s witchi n g rout er . As packets enter the SSR, layer- 2, 3, and 4 flow tables ar e populated on each li ne card.
Chapter 20: Perfor m a nce Monit oring Guide 296 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Show inf ormati on about t he master MAC table. l2-t ab les s how ma c-ta ble- sta ts Show informat ion about a partic ular M AC addr ess. l2-t ab les s how ma c Show info about mult i c asts r eg istered by IGMP .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 297 Chapter 20: P erformanc e Monitor ing Gui de Configuring the SSR for P ort Mirrorin g Th e SS R all ows you to mo nit o r ac t ivit y wit h por t mi rrori ng.
Chapter 20: Perfor m a nce Monit oring Guide 298 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 299 Ch apte r 21 RM ON Con figuration Guide RM ON Ove rview Y o u c an empl oy Remote Networ k Moni tori n g (RM ON) in your n et work to hel p monito r traf fi c a t r emote p oint s on the n etwork . W ith RMON, d ata c olle ction and pr ocessi ng is don e wit h a remo te pr obe , namely the SS R.
Chapter 21: RMON Config uration Gui de 300 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l 1. T ur n on the L it e, Stan dar d, or Pr ofess ional RMON gr ou ps by enteri ng the rmon s et lite|standa r d|professional com ma nd .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 301 Chapter 21: RMON Config uration Gui de RMO N Grou p s The RMON MIB groups ar e defined in RFCs 1757 (RMON 1) and 2021 (RMON 2). On the SS R , yo u ca n co nfi gur e one or m o re leve ls of RM O N su pp or t fo r a se t of p ort s.
Chapter 21: RMON Config uration Gui de 302 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Stan dard RM ON G r o ups This secti o n describes the RMON groups that are en abled w hen you specify the Standard support level. The Standar d RMON groups are shown in the table below .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 303 Chapter 21: RMON Config uration Gui de C ontr ol T abl es Man y RMON g ro ups con tain both cont rol and data tables .
Chapter 21: RMON Config uration Gui de 304 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l A r ow in the co ntr ol tabl e is cr eate d for eac h port on th e SSR, wit h the owne r set to “mon itor”. If y ou wan t, you can ch ange the owner b y usin g the ap p r opria te rmon comma nd.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 305 Chapter 21: RMON Config uration Gui de fo llo wing co mmand : Configuring RMON Gr oups As m entioned pr ev ious ly , cont r o l table s in many RM ON gro u ps sp ecify the d ata that is to be c ollected f or th e part icular RM ON group.
Chapter 21: RMON Config uration Gui de 306 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l T o configure the Filter gr oup, you must conf igur e bo th th e Ch annel and Fi lter cont rol tab le s .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 307 Chapter 21: RMON Config uration Gui de C onfig urati on Ex ampl es This sect ion shows example s of c onfi gurati on comm ands th at s pecify an ev ent that genera tes an SNMP trap and the alarm condit ion that tr ig ger s the event.
Chapter 21: RMON Config uration Gui de 308 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l • Sampl es taken at 300 second (5 minute) i n t ervals. • A “St artup” alar m generat ion condi tion ins.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 309 Chapter 21: RMON Config uration Gui de 1 T o d is play E thernet stat i s tics and r elate d sta tisti cs for W A N po rts, RMON has to be acti vated on that por t.
Chapter 21: RMON Config uration Gui de 310 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l The foll owi n g shows Host tab le o utput without a CL I filt er: Th e fo ll ow in g s ho w s the sa me r mon s.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 311 Chapter 21: RMON Config uration Gui de Cr eatin g RMON C LI Fil ters T o create RM ON CLI filt ers, use the following C LI comm and in Co nfig ur e mod .
Chapter 21: RMON Config uration Gui de 312 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Ch ec k th e f oll ow in g fiel ds on th e rmon show status comman d o utput: 1. Make su re t h at RM ON has been en abled on the SSR. When th e SSR i s booted, RMON is of f by def ault.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 313 Chapter 21: RMON Config uration Gui de Alloca ting Memory to RMO N RMON allocates memory depending on the nu mber of ports enabled for RMON, the RMON groups that have been confi gured, and whether o r not default tables have been tu rned on or of f.
Chapter 21: RMON Config uration Gui de 314 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l T o s et the amoun t of memo ry all ocated t o RMO N, use the f ollowi ng CLI comma nd in User or E nab le mo de: Spec ifies th e total amou nt of Mbytes o f memor y alloc ated to R M ON .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 315 Ch apte r 22 WA N Con figuration Guide Th is chapt er provides an overv iew of Wide A re a Ne tw ork (W AN) a pplic ations a s w ell as an overview of both Frame R elay and PPP c onfiguratio n for the SSR.
Chapter 2 2: WAN Confi guration Guid e 316 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Using the same appr oach, a P PP high-speed serial interfac e (HSSI) W AN port located at r outer slot 3, port 2 would be identified as “h s.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 317 Chapter 22: WAN Config uration Guide Th e followin g c omm and line dis plays an exam ple for a VLAN: Mapped Ad dresses Mapped peer IP/IPX addres ses are very simil ar to stati c addres ses in that InArp is di sabled for F rame Relay and the addres s negotiat ed in IPCP/I PXCP is ignor ed for PPP .
Chapter 2 2: WAN Confi guration Guid e 318 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Th e followin g c omm and line dis plays an ex am ple for a VLAN: For cing B ridg ed Encaps ul ation W AN for the S SR has the a bility t o force br idged pack et encap sulati on.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 319 Chapter 22: WAN Config uration Guide Average Packe t Size In most cas es, the lar ger the pack et size, the be tter the potent ial comp res sion rat io. This is du e to th e o verhead invol ved with compr essio n , as we ll as th e comp re ssion al gorit hm.
Chapter 2 2: WAN Confi guration Guid e 320 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l The following comm and line displays an example for PPP: Pa cket Enc ryp tion Pac ket encr y pt ion allow s data to tr avel thr ough u n s ecur ed netwo rks.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 321 Chapter 22: WAN Config uration Guide Source Filtering and ACLs Source filt ering and ACLs can b e applie d to a W A N interfa ce; how ever , they affect t he entire module, no t a n individua l port.
Chapter 2 2: WAN Confi guration Guid e 322 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l works with IP Pr ec edence or priority , as defined in the qo s configur ation com mand line, to pr o vide pr eferential traffi c handling for high er -priority traf fic.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 323 Chapter 22: WAN Config uration Guide Perman ent Virtu al Circuits ( PVC s) W AN in terface s can take ad va ntage of co nnecti ons that assur e a min i mu m lev el of avai lable band width at al l times.
Chapter 2 2: WAN Confi guration Guid e 324 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Sett ing up a Fr ame R el ay Serv ice P rofile Onc e yo u h ave defi n ed the t ype a nd lo cat ion of your Frame Rel ay W A N i nter face( s), you can c onfigure yo u r SSR to mor e effic iently utilize available ban dwid th for Frame Relay commu nica tion s.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 325 Chapter 22: WAN Config uration Guide Monitoring Fram e Relay W AN Ports On ce you ha v e co nfi g ured yo ur fra me rela y W A N i nte rfa ce( s) , y ou can u se th e C LI t o mon i tor st atu s an d sta tis tics f or yo ur W A N po rt s.
Chapter 2 2: WAN Confi guration Guid e 326 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l • Comm it t ed informat ion rate (CIR) of 2 0 million bits per second • Le ave h igh- , l ow-, a nd m edium-.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 327 Chapter 22: WAN Config uration Guide Point-to-Po int Pr otoco l (PPP) Overv iew Becau se of its ab ility to quickly a nd e asily accom mod ate IP and I PX protoc ol traffic, Point- to-Point Protocol (PPP) routing has become a v ery im portant aspect of W AN con figurat ion.
Chapter 2 2: WAN Confi guration Guid e 328 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l W AN interface s, then apply a servic e pr ofile to the desir ed interface(s ). Examples of th i s pro cess are displa y ed in “PPP Port C onfiguration” on page 330 .
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 329 Chapter 22: WAN Config uration Guide Note: If it is n eces sary to specify a value for B ridging, IP , and/ or IPX , you m ust specify all three of these val ues at the same ti me. Y ou c annot spec ify j u st on e or tw o of them in the command line with out the ot her(s ).
Chapter 2 2: WAN Confi guration Guid e 330 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l processing by MLP . If compres sion is enable d o n a link, the pac kets will be c ompressed aft er the MLP pr ocessing. In g eneral, ch oose b un dle comp ression o ver lin k c ompression whe never po ssible.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 331 Chapter 22: WAN Config uration Guide Suppo se you wish to set u p a se rvice profile called “profile2” that includ es the follow ing cha racteri sti.
Chapter 2 2: WAN Confi guration Guid e 332 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l W AN Configuration Example s Si mple Conf igur at ion Fi le The followin g is a n example of a simple conf igura.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 333 Chapter 22: WAN Config uration Guide Mu lti- Rout er W A N Confi gura tion Th e followin g is a diagram of a multi -router W AN co nfigura tion encom passing th r ee subnets.
Chapter 2 2: WAN Confi guration Guid e 334 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Route r R1 C on figur ati on Fil e The follow ing con figuration file ap plies to Router R1. Route r R2 C on figur ati on Fil e The follow ing con figuration file ap plies to Router R2.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 335 Chapter 22: WAN Config uration Guide Route r R3 C on figur ati on Fil e The follow ing con figuration file ap plies to Router R3. Route r R4 C on figur ati on Fil e The follow ing con figuration file ap plies to Router R4.
Chapter 2 2: WAN Confi guration Guid e 336 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l Route r R5 C on figur ati on Fil e The follow ing con figuration file ap plies to Router R5. Route r R6 C on figur ati on Fil e The follow ing con figuration file ap plies to Router R6.
Smar tSwitc h Router User Refere nce Manual 337 Chapter 22: WAN Config uration Guide port set hs.3.1 wan-encapsulation frame-relay speed 45000000 frame-relay create vc port hs.3.1.106 frame-relay define service CIRforR1toR6 cir 45000000 bc 450000 frame-relay apply service CIRforR1toR6 ports hs.
Chapter 2 2: WAN Confi guration Guid e 338 Smart Switch Router Use r Referenc e Manua l.
Ein wichtiger Punkt beim Kauf des Geräts Cabletron Systems SmartSwitch (oder sogar vor seinem Kauf) ist das durchlesen seiner Bedienungsanleitung. Dies sollten wir wegen ein paar einfacher Gründe machen:
Wenn Sie Cabletron Systems SmartSwitch noch nicht gekauft haben, ist jetzt ein guter Moment, um sich mit den grundliegenden Daten des Produkts bekannt zu machen. Schauen Sie zuerst die ersten Seiten der Anleitung durch, die Sie oben finden. Dort finden Sie die wichtigsten technischen Daten für Cabletron Systems SmartSwitch - auf diese Weise prüfen Sie, ob das Gerät Ihren Wünschen entspricht. Wenn Sie tiefer in die Benutzeranleitung von Cabletron Systems SmartSwitch reinschauen, lernen Sie alle zugänglichen Produktfunktionen kennen, sowie erhalten Informationen über die Nutzung. Die Informationen, die Sie über Cabletron Systems SmartSwitch erhalten, werden Ihnen bestimmt bei der Kaufentscheidung helfen.
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Jedoch ist die eine der wichtigsten Rollen, die eine Bedienungsanleitung für den Nutzer spielt, die Hilfe bei der Lösung von Problemen mit Cabletron Systems SmartSwitch. Sie finden dort fast immer Troubleshooting, also die am häufigsten auftauchenden Störungen und Mängel bei Cabletron Systems SmartSwitch gemeinsam mit Hinweisen bezüglich der Arten ihrer Lösung. Sogar wenn es Ihnen nicht gelingen sollte das Problem alleine zu bewältigen, die Anleitung zeigt Ihnen die weitere Vorgehensweise – den Kontakt zur Kundenberatung oder dem naheliegenden Service.
