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Perle P850 Bridge / Router USER AND SYSTEM ADMINISTRATION GUIDE Part number 5500086-14 © Copyright 2002 Perle Systems Ltd..
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Note: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment.
Canadian Emissions Standard ICES -003 This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class A limits for radio noise emissions from digital apparatus as set out in the interference -causing equipment standard entitled “Digital Apparatus”, ICES -003 of the Department of Communications.
Using This Manual This Installation and Applications Guide provides the basic information required to initially set up and configure the P850 router. This guide is organized into the following sections: “ Installation ” provides instructions for installing the P850 router.
Using the Electronic Reference Manual The P850 router Reference Manuals are provided as Adobe Acrobat PDF files on the accompanying CD-ROM. The PPP Menus Reference File is provided individually for ease of configuration reference. The Adobe Acrobat Reader program is included on the CD-ROM.
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Contents 1 - INSTALLATION 4 Unpack the P850 4 Select a Site 4 Identify the Connectors 5 Connect to the Console 6 Make the LAN Connections 6 Make the WAN Link Connection 6 Power Up the Router 8 Login a.
Configure Remote Site Profiles for PPPoE 55 QOS - Priority Queuing 59 3 - INTRODUCTION TO FILTERING 61 MAC Address Filtering 61 Pattern Filtering 62 Popular Filters 65 Bridge 65 IP & Related Traff.
Contents RS232C / V.24 Link Pinouts 85 RS530 / RS422 Link Pinouts 86 V.11 / X.21 Link Pinouts 87 V.11 / X.21 DB25 to DB15 Connector Cable 88 V.35 Null-Modem Cable Configuration 89 The link speed must be defined for each of the two units. 89 RS232 / V.
4 1 - I NS TALLATION The P850 is an Ethernet Bridge/Router that provides bridging, IP/IPX routing, and compression over a frame relay permanent virtual circuit or a PPP leased line circuit.
Installation 5 Identify the Connectors Each unit is configured with both straight (MDI) and crossed over (MDI-X) 10BaseT LAN connectors; the P850 will auto-sense between the two. Only one connector may be used at a time. The P850 router is produced with four different WAN interface modules: V.
Installation 6 Connect to the Console Connection to the router operator’s console is made through the RJ-45 connector labeled CONSOLE on the back of the router. A RJ-45 cable and RJ-45 to DB9 (female) converter are provided for connection to a DB9 (male) connector.
Installation 7 it must be configured to the type of connection service that will be used; please see the following section for this procedure. The V.35 module and Universal WAN module in V.35 mode require interface converters that convert from a DB25 connector to a male 34 pin (V.
Installation 8 Power Up the Router Once the LAN and Link connections are made and the console is connected to a terminal, you are ready to power-up the P850 router. Connect the DC power cord from the supplied power supply to the back of the P850 router and plug the power supply into the AC wall outlet.
Installation 9 Mandatory Configuration The P850 router requires a minimum amount of mandatory configuration in order to operate. The following table identifies the configuration parameters that must be defined for proper operation under the operational states shown in the table.
Installation 10 Setting the Link Interface Type (Universal WAN only) The Universal WAN Interface must be configured to match the service to which it will be connected. WARNING: ensure that the connector cable used with the Universal interface module has the correct pinouts for the operational mode selected for the interface (V.
Installation 11 Setting the T1/E1Parameters (T1/E1 WAN only) The parameters requred for a T1 or E1 connection may be obtained from your service provider.
Installation 12 provider will tell you which specification their service requires. Short haul LBOs are listed as the length of the cable run (in feet) between the router and the local exchange.
Installation 13 Some E1 service providers reserve timeslot 16 for network management use. If your service specifies that timeslot 16 is for their use, toggle this option to reserved Set Link Interface.
Installation 14 Identify the Status LEDs The meanings of the four 3-colour Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) on the front of the P850 router are found in the following chart: Green Router is running and ha.
Installation 15 Figure 1-4 Front View of the P850 router Tx Rx Power.
16 2 - T YPICAL A PPLIC ATIONS & H OW TO C ONFIGURE T HEM The P850 is an Ethernet Bridge/Router that supports frame relay RAW 1490 permanent virtual circuits, frame relay encapsulated PPP permanent virtual circuits and PPP leased lines. This section will describe how to set up the P850 using each of its networking functions.
Applications 17 Managing the P850 Using Menus This section describes the minimum configuration parameters required when setting up the P850. Each of the configuration scenarios requires setting of operational parameters on the P850. The built-in menu system of the P850 is used to configure the unit.
Applications 18 Conventions Throughout this section , P850 menu options are shown that are required for the various configuration choices. The appropriate menu options are shown in each instance in th.
Applications 19 Basic Frame Relay Configuration North American P850s are configured to have frame relay enabled as the default setting. With frame relay enabled, the router will communicate over WAN connections to other frame relay units via frame relay Permanent Virtual Circuits (PVC).
Applications 20 Configuration: The default configuratio n for P850s shipped outside North American is to have frame relay disabled. To run frame relay on these routers, it must first be enabled 7 Fram.
Applications 21 Auto Learning the Frame Relay Configuration The P850 is pre-configured to query the frame relay service to auto- learn the LMI type and the PVC DLCI numbers.
Applications 22 Manual Configuration - LMI Type The LMI Type option allows you to manually specify the type of Link Management Interface in use by the Frame Relay service provider for the Frame Relay service. When the LMI type is set to none, the P850 simply creates frame relay packets and sends them on the defined PVC’s.
Applications 23 “Quick Start” Frame Relay Since the P850 auto-learns the frame relay configuration, only a couple of parameters need to be configured before the unit is fully operational as an IP router for frame relay.
Applications 24 By default, PPP is disabled for each of the newly created remote site profiles. If PPP encapsulation is desired, for example to use security, the PPP encapsulation option should be set to “enabled”. By default, when PPP encapsulation is enabled multilink is also enabled.
Applications 25 Basic Leased Line Configuration P850s shipped outside North America are configured to have a default setting as a leased line router. The P850 will operate as a PPP leased line bridge/router if the frame relay function is disabled.
Applications 26 Figure 2 - 2 Basic PPP Leased Line Configuration The following steps must be performed on the P850 unit. 7 Link Speed Location: Main Ä Configuration Ä WAN Set up Ä Link Set up Ä Link Speed The clock speed that the P850 will expect to receive from the DCE link device must be defined.
Applications 27 Bridge Connection. Once the link speeds have been configured, the P850 will attempt to establish the link connection to the remote site PPP router. The Bridge connection does not require any configuration for operation. IP Router Connection.
Applications 28 Should You Bridge or Route? When connecting two Local Area Networks together, the first question to ask is should I bridge or route? The decision to bridge or to route may be decided by how the existing networks have been already set up.
Applications 29 Configure as an Ethernet Bridge An Ethernet bridge intelligently forwards LAN traffic to remotely connected LANs across the Wide Area Network (WAN). Figure 2 - 3 Bridged Local Area Networks Ethernet bridges simply forward information based on Ethernet MAC addresses.
Applications 30 The P850 router also is pre-configured as an IPX router. This means that if you wish to bridge IPX traffic instead of routing it, you must disable the IPX routing function of the P850 router. Once IPX routing has been disabled, all IPX traffic will be bridged between partner bridges on the WAN.
Applications 31 The size of the subnet mask. defines the subnet mask by using the specified number to reserve a series of contiguous bit locations from the start of the entire IP address. These reserved bit locations are then used as the network portion of the IP address.
Applications 32 Configure as an Ethernet IP Router An Ethernet IP router is used to intelligently route Internet Protocol (IP) LAN traffic to remotely connected LANs across the WAN. Figure 2 - 4 IP Routed Local Area Networks IP routers forward IP frames based upon their IP destination address and an internal routing table.
Applications 33 7 IP Address Location: Main Ä Configuration Ä LAN Set-up Ä LAN IP Set-up Ä IP Address / Subnet mask size The IP address consists of four 8-bit numbers and is represented by 4 fields separated by periods (“ . ”), where each field is specified by a decimal number (e.
Applications 34 Define an IP Default Gateway An IP default gateway is an IP router that is resident on the local IP network that this P850 is connected to and is used to route IP frames for destination networks that do not exist in the routing tables.
Applications 35 Define an IP Static Route Static IP routes may be defined when one specific router is to be used to reach a destination IP network. The static route will have precedence over all learned RIP routes even if the cost of the RIP learned routes is lower.
Applications 36 Define an IP Subnet Mask An IP network may be divided into smaller portions by a process called sub-netting. A subnet is specified using high end bits of the host field of the IP address for network addressing. This is done with a subnet mask.
Applications 37 Configuration: The mask size entered defines the size of the subnet mask from the start of the entire IP address. This allows subnet sizes from 0 to 24 bits. A subnet mask size of 8 in a class A address represents a subnet size of 0 or no subnetting performed.
Applications 38 less than or equal to 255, that is the maximum value of each 8-bit field. The IP address is first specified and then you will be prompted to enter the mask size. The mask size defines the subnet mask by using the specified number to reserve a series of contiguous bit locations from the start of the entire IP address.
Applications 39 Configure as an Ethernet IPX Router The P850 is preconfigured to operate as an IPX router when installed in an IPX network. The P850 router will learn the IPX network numbers from the local LAN and when the WAN connections are established, the P850 will route the IPX frames to the appropriate destination IPX network.
Applications 40 examined and looked up in the routing tables. Once the destination IPX address is found in the routing tables, the IPX router sends the IPX frame to the remote partner P850 router that is connected to the appropriate remote IPX network.
Applications 41 Novell Servers in One Location Only Some Novell LAN installations require that a remote LAN that consists of only Novell IPX clients be connected to a central LAN that contains the Novell servers and some more clients.
Applications 42 7 IPX Frame Types Location: Main Ä Configuration Ä IPX Routing Set up Ä Configure LAN Nets Ä Ethernet-II Frames Ä RAW 802.3 Frames Ä IEEE 802.2 Frames Ä 802.2 SNAP Frames Define the appropriate IPX network number for the appropriate frame type.
Applications 43 PPP Link Configuration Overview A PPP (Point to Point Protocol) connection between two routers may use a number of Network Control Protocols (NCP) for communication. An IP router connection will use the Internet Protocol Control Protocol (IPCP) NCP for all IP communications.
Applications 44 remote site profile settings. The WAN IPX network number is defined with the IPX Net option in the remote site profile settings. Unnumbered Links An unnumbered link does not use network addressing on the WAN link.
Applications 45 Configure Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol The P850 uses Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) to allow users in a small office environment to simply enable DHCP clients on their workstations and power them up to get their proper initialization.
Applications 46 devices attached to the DHCP Server to be set. The number of addresses to be assigned must also be specified to a maximum of 253. With the DHCP Services and IP Address Pool defined, devices may be attached to the network (up to the maximum specified) and they will be automatically configured.
Applications 47 Configure Network Address Translation (NAT) Support is provided for Network Address Translation (NAT). Network Address Translation is a technique which translates private IP addresses on a private network to valid global IP addresses for access to the Internet.
Applications 48 The Translation Type option allows you to use Network Address Port Translation. 7 Translation type Location: Main Ä Configuration Ä WAN Set up Ä Remote Site Set up Ä Edit Remote Si.
Applications 49 Configure PPP Security The P850 provides support for both PAP and CHAP PPP security authentication. An outgoing user name, PAP password , and CHAP secret are defined that the P850 will use when responding to an authentication request from a remote site PPP router.
Applications 50 7 Security Database Entry Location: Main Ä Configuration Ä WAN Set up Ä Edit Remote Site Ä Security Parameters Ä Incoming PAP Password Ä Incoming CHAP Secret Ä Outgoing User Nam.
Applications 51 Configure Firewall The P850 provides Firewall security for restricting access between any two networks connected through the router. Firewalls are set up on a per connection basis for the LAN and remote sites.
Applications 52 also wishes to allow all of the TCP traffic from the branch office network to have access to the head office. Anyone in the corporation may have unrestricted access to the Internet. The following steps must be performed on the P850 to set up the firewall support as desired.
Applications 53 designated servers list allows you to quickly setup a firewall entry without having to figure out TCP port values. Next, the LAN firewall is set up to restrict access to the LAN. The firewall option is set to “outbound” to have the LAN firewall filter traffic from the P850.
Applications 54 Firewall Location: Main Ä Configuration Ä Applications Set up Ä Firewall Set up Ä LAN Firewall Set up Ä Designated Servers Ä FTP Server — 195.100.1.12 Ä WWW (HTTP) Server — 195.100.1.20 The configuration options described here are only for initial set up and configuration purposes.
Applications 55 Configure Remote Site Profiles for PPPoE Remote Site Profiles allow for the router to be configured to support PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE) client on the router. The PPPoE feature on the Perle routers provide a PPPoE client support on Ethernet interfaces to a bridging DSL modem to the Internet.
56 To verify that PPPoE is enabled for this remote connection, view the read-only parameter Location: Main Ä Configuration Ä WAN Set-UP Ä Remote Site Set-Up Ä Edit Remote Site Ä Protocol Set-Up .
Applications 57 TCP mss option should decrease to 1452 bytes. Therefore when configuring the router for PPPoE, the remote site NAT configuration automatically adjust its TCP mss option to 1452 to accommodate this requirement.
Applications 58 To ensure that network traffic is routed to the PPPoE connection, the router must be configured to have the default IP gateway setup to your newly created PPPoE remote site connection.
Applications 59 QOS - Priority Queuing Priority Queuing (PQ) allows the users to configure the router to allow specific traffic bound for an outgoing interface to be prioritized into high, medium, normal and low queues. Packets sent to the high priority queue are serviced first, followed by the packets on the medium queue and so on.
Applications 60 To assign a Priority List to a LAN interface 7 Location: Main Ä Configuration Ä Lan Set-up Ä QOS Set-up Ä Queuing Strategy Ä Priority Ä Priority List Number To assign a Priority .
61 3 - I NTRODUCTION TO F ILTERING The P850 provides programmable filtering which gives you the ability to control under what conditions Ethernet frames are forwarded to remote networks.
Introduction to Filtering 62 You may easily prevent stations on one segment from accessing all but a specific resource on the other segment; for this, “negative” filtering and the use of “Forward if Destination” would be appropriate.
Introduction to Filtering 63 The following operators are used in creating Pattern filters. - offset Used in pattern filters to determine the starting position to start the pattern checking. Example: 12-80 This filter pattern will match if the packet information starting at the 12 th octet equals the 80 of the filter pattern.
Introduction to Filtering 64 ( ) brackets Used in pattern filters to separate portions of filter patterns for specific operators. Example: 12-80&(14-24|14-32) This filter pattern will be checked in two operations.
Introduction to Filtering 65 Popular Filters S ome of the more commonly used pattern filters are shown here. Bridge Bridge pattern filters are applied to Ethernet frames that are bridged only. When the P850 is operating as a router, all routed frames will be unaffected by the bridge pattern filters.
Introduction to Filtering 66 Banyan Banyan (12-0BAD) (12-80C4) (12-80C5) IP Router IP router pattern filters are applied to IP Ethernet frames that are being routed. When the P850 is operating as an IP router, all IP routed frames will be checked against the defined IP router pattern filters.
67 A PPENDIX A M ENU T REES The menu trees on the next few facing pages are a graphical representation of the hierarchy of the built-in menu system of the P850. The menus are shown with the options of the menus being displayed below the specific menu name.
68 1 Configuration 1. T erminal 2. Show 3. Add 4. Remove 1. T erminal Set-Up menu 2. Device Set-Up menu 3. T elnet Set-Up menu 4. Load FLASH Set-Up menu 5. Console 6. Hardware Status 7. TFTP access Access Set-Up 1] 1] 1] 2] 2] 3] 4] 5] 1. Password 2. Device Name 3.
69 Continued from previous page 1. Destination 2. Status 3. Remote site 2. Next hop 3. Type 4. Cost 5. Private 6. Add/Remove 8. Status 7. Network mask 1. IP Routes menu 1. Edit Static Route 2. Default Gateway 3. Show all Routes 4. Show Static Routes 5.
70 A PPENDIX B O CTET L OC ATIONS ON E THERNET F RAMES This appendix provides octet locations for the various portions of three of the common Ethernet frames. When creating pattern filters these diagrams will assist in the correct definition of the patterns.
Octet Locations on Ethernet Frames 71 Octet Locations on a Bridged TCP/IP Frame Octet Locations on a Bridged Novell Netware Frame.
Octet Locations on Ethernet Frames 72 ETHERNET Type Codes Type Code Description 0800 DOD IP 0801 X.75 Internet 0804 Chaosnet 0805 X.25 Level 3 0806 ARP 0807 XNS Compatibility 6001 DEC MOP Dump/Load 60.
Octet Locations on Ethernet Frames 73 Octet Locations on an IP Routed TCP/IP Frame Octet Locations on an IPX Routed Novell Netware Frame.
Octet Locations on Ethernet Frames 74 Octet Locations on a Bridged XNS Frame.
75 A PPENDIX C S ERVICING I NFORM ATION Opening of the case is only to be performed by qualified service personnel. WARNING ! Before servicing ensure that appliance coupler is disconnected. Always disconnect the power cord from the rear panel of the bridge/router.
Servicing Information 76 Identifying the Internal Components The major components and the jumper strap positions are shown: Figure C- 1 Top Internal View of the P850 router V.
Servicing Information 77 Figure C-2 Top Internal View of the P850 CSU-DSU or T1/E1 Power CSU/DSU T1/E1 S an i t y T i m e r - A l w a y s O N R e t u r n P a ss w o r d t o D e f au l t F o r c e Z M .
Servicing Information 78 Sanity Timer Do not remove this strap – pins 1-2. Force ZMODEM Software Load On the rare occasion that during the programming of the FLASH something happens to the bridge/router (power hit or hardware reset), causing the FLASH to become corrupted, the bridge/router will restart in ZMODEM receive mode only.
Servicing Information 79 Connecting to the Console Connector The console connector on the P850 is a DCE interface on a RJ45 pinout. The supplied DB9 to RJ45 converter should be used to connect to the DB9 connector of a DTE terminal. This connection will then provide access to the built-in menu system.
Servicing Information 80 WAN Interface Connection Pinout Information The P850 router is manufactured with three different WAN link modules: V.35, LXT411 CSU/DSU or Universal WAN. The type installed may be determined from the label above the WAN link output connector on the back of the router.
Servicing Information 81 The LXT411 CSU/DSU link connection is set to operate at 64 Kbps by default. The link may be set to 56 Kbps via the software menus if required.
Servicing Information 82 UNIVERSAL WAN Module: The Universal WAN Interface module in this router may be configured to operate in one of four modes: V.11/X.21, V.35, RS232/V.24, or RS530/RS422. The interface connector for all types is a standard DB25 pin female connector.
Servicing Information 83 V.35 Link Pinouts DB25 Contact No. M.34 Contact No. Circuit Name Direction To From DCE DCE 1 A Protective Ground NA 2 P Transmitted Data (A) X 3 R Received Data (A) X 4 C Requ.
Servicing Information 84 Circuits which are paired (contain an (A) and (B) reference) should be connected to twisted pairs within the connecting cable. NOTE For U.K. Approval: The connecting cable may be any length between 0 and 5M. One end must be terminated in a male 34 pin X.
Servicing Information 85 RS232C / V.24 Link Pinouts Con tact No. Circ uit Circuit Name Direction To From DCE DCE 1 AA Protective Ground NA 2 BA Transmitted Data X 3 BB Received Data X 4 CA Request to .
Servicing Information 86 RS530 / RS422 Link Pinouts Contact Number Circuit Circuit Name Direction To From DCE DCE 1 Shield Protective Ground NA 2 BA (A) Transmitted Data X 3 BB (A) Received Data X 4 C.
Servicing Information 87 V.11 / X.21 Link Pinouts Contact No. X.21 Circuits Ref. Circuit Name Direction To From DCE DCE 1 Protective Ground NA 2 T (A) Transmitted Data (A) X 3 C (A) Control (A) X 4 R .
Servicing Information 88 V.11 / X.21 DB25 to DB15 Connector Cable Figure C- 10 V.11 / X.21 DB25 to DB15 Connector Cable NOTE For U.K. Approval: The connecting cable may be any length between 0 and 5M.
Servicing Information 89 V.35 Null-Modem Cable Configuration Figure C - 11 V.35 Null-Modem Cable The connecting cable must be a shielded cable. Circuits which are paired (contain an (A) and (B) reference) should be connected to twisted pairs within the connecting cable.
Servicing Information 90 RS232 / V.24 Null-Modem Cable Figure C-12 RS232 / V.24 Null-Modem Cable The connecting cable must be a shielded cable. This cable is needed when it is necessary to connect two units back-to-back and a set of modems is not available.
Servicing Information 91 RS530 / RS422 Null-Modem Cable S h i e l d T r a n s m i tt e d D a t a ( A ) T r a n s m i tt e d D a t a ( B ) R ece i ve d D a t a ( A ) R ece i ve d D a t a ( B ) R e qu e.
Software Upgrades 92 A PPENDIX D S OFT WARE U PGRADES Procedures for performing a Console ZMODEM Flash Load to upgrade the operating software of the router: 1) Save the current configuration of the router (Main menu: option 6). 2) Execute the Console (ZMODEM) command from the Load FLASH Set-Up menu.
Servicing Information 93 the bridge/router does not start in ZMODEM receive mode, refer to Appendix D: Servicing Information for recovery procedure. The ZMODEM Load Flash operation may be aborted by aborting the ZMODEM transfer and then entering 5 control-X characters “^X” from the console keyboard.
94 Procedures for performing a TFTP Flash Load to upgrade the operating software of the router: 1) Execute the Network (TFTP) command from the Load FLASH Set-Up menu. 2) Enter “none” to connect locally or enter the remote site ID number or alias to connect to a remote site.
Servicing Information 95 the bridge/router does not start in ZMODEM receive mode, refer to Appendix D: Servicing Information. The TFTP Load Flash operation may be aborted by re- connecting to the console of the router and choosing the Abort Load option from the Load FLASH Set-Up menu.
96 Router A PC used for TFTP transfers Link 1 Link 2 Router B Router C.
Ein wichtiger Punkt beim Kauf des Geräts Perle Systems P850 (oder sogar vor seinem Kauf) ist das durchlesen seiner Bedienungsanleitung. Dies sollten wir wegen ein paar einfacher Gründe machen:
Wenn Sie Perle Systems P850 noch nicht gekauft haben, ist jetzt ein guter Moment, um sich mit den grundliegenden Daten des Produkts bekannt zu machen. Schauen Sie zuerst die ersten Seiten der Anleitung durch, die Sie oben finden. Dort finden Sie die wichtigsten technischen Daten für Perle Systems P850 - auf diese Weise prüfen Sie, ob das Gerät Ihren Wünschen entspricht. Wenn Sie tiefer in die Benutzeranleitung von Perle Systems P850 reinschauen, lernen Sie alle zugänglichen Produktfunktionen kennen, sowie erhalten Informationen über die Nutzung. Die Informationen, die Sie über Perle Systems P850 erhalten, werden Ihnen bestimmt bei der Kaufentscheidung helfen.
Wenn Sie aber schon Perle Systems P850 besitzen, und noch keine Gelegenheit dazu hatten, die Bedienungsanleitung zu lesen, sollten Sie es aufgrund der oben beschriebenen Gründe machen. Sie erfahren dann, ob Sie die zugänglichen Funktionen richtig genutzt haben, aber auch, ob Sie keine Fehler begangen haben, die den Nutzungszeitraum von Perle Systems P850 verkürzen könnten.
Jedoch ist die eine der wichtigsten Rollen, die eine Bedienungsanleitung für den Nutzer spielt, die Hilfe bei der Lösung von Problemen mit Perle Systems P850. Sie finden dort fast immer Troubleshooting, also die am häufigsten auftauchenden Störungen und Mängel bei Perle Systems P850 gemeinsam mit Hinweisen bezüglich der Arten ihrer Lösung. Sogar wenn es Ihnen nicht gelingen sollte das Problem alleine zu bewältigen, die Anleitung zeigt Ihnen die weitere Vorgehensweise – den Kontakt zur Kundenberatung oder dem naheliegenden Service.
