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USER’S GUIDE IPR-S1000 Satellite IP Router Receiver.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Thank you for selecting the IPR-S1000 . The IPR-S1000 satellite broadband Router Receiver is designed to provide high-speed data connectivity to the corporate and ISP markets, for app.
WARNING THE SPECIFICATIONS AND INFORMATION CONCERNING THE PRODUCT IN THE PRESENT DOCUMENT MAY BE SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT PREVIOUS NOTICE. ALL STATEMENTS, INFORMATION AND RECOMMENDATIONS ENCLOSED IN THE PRESENT DOCUMENT ARE BELIEVED TO BE ACCURATE BUT ARE PRESENTED WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, NEITHER EXPLICIT NOR IMPLICIT.
TABLE OF CONTENTS Installing the IPR-S1000 About the Installation section...............................1 Document objectives Audience Document organization Document conventions Terms and abbreviations Obtaining technical assistance Preparing for installation.
DVB Ethernet IP User Interface Fixed Key Conditional Access SNMP Syslog IP Crypt Firewall Mac addresses NAT PPP PPTP UDLR Tools Spectrum TS Dump DVB Dump IP Dump Ping Traceroute Network statistics The Telnet interface..................................
Installing the IPR-S1000 1 INSTALLING THE IPR-S1000 I About the installation section 1. Document objectives This installation section explains the preparation for installation as well as the configuration procedures for the IPR-S1000. It also gives you information concerning the IPR-S1000 start up and troubleshooting.
Installing the IPR-S1000 2 5. Terms and abbreviations If you encounter difficulties in understanding some terms and abbreviations, refer to the IPricot glossary at the end of this manual. 6. Obtaining technical assistance For technical information and assistance, please contact: For technical support, please mail to: support@IPricot.
Installing the IPR-S1000 3 Ensure your safety Each electrical device must be handled with care, so please follow these instructions: 1) Before working on equipment connected to an electrical power supply, please remove any bracelet, necklace or watch.
Installing the IPR-S1000 4 Protect the equipment 1) Never assume that electrical power is disconnected. Do check it first. 2) Do a previous check-up of any potential source of danger within your work environment (wet floor, visible electrical cable...
Installing the IPR-S1000 5 III Installing the IPR-S1000 1. Connecting the cables The appropriate cables are necessary to connect the IPR-S1000 to the Ethernet network as well as to the satellite antenna. Refer to the following list and illustrations to correctly locate the different connectors.
Installing the IPR-S1000 6 Making the connection Refer to the following illustration to correctly locate the different connectors. Connect the satellite antenna using a type F connector. Note: Make sure the cable is screwed and secured by tightening the connector.
Installing the IPR-S1000 7 IP address In the most widely installed level of the Internet Protocol (IP) today, an IP address is a 32-bit number that identifies each sender or receiver of information that is sent in packets accross the Internet. 1) In the «1.
Installing the IPR-S1000 8 Frequency The number of times an electromagnetic wave (the DVB carrier) goes through its complete cycle in one second of time. 1) In the «1. Set config» menu, select «11. DVB». 2) Enter that menu by pressing the «right» arrow.
Installing the IPR-S1000 9 LNB Power The IPR-S1000 can supply power to the LNB. 1) In the «1. Set config» menu, select «11. DVB». 2) Enter that menu by pressing the «right» arrow. 3) With the «down» arrow, select «117. LNB power», and enter that menu by pressing the «right» arrow.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 10 Configuring the IPR-S1000 I The LCD interface This chapter describes how to use the Liquid Crystal Display interface to manage the IPR-S1000. The LCD interface is mostly useful for the initial configuration. After that configuration, we strongly advise you to use the Web or Telnet interface.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 11 ETHERNET The second screen displays the primary IP address of the Ethernet interface . Example : Note: To go to the Main menu , press any key. MPE PIDs and IP statistics The third screen displays filtered MPE PIDs and IP statistics .
Configuring the IPR-S1000 12 setup parameters. 11. DVB 111. LNB (Low Noise Block) This screen allows you to select the type of LNB you are using. 1) In the «1. Set config» menu, select «11. DVB». 2) Enter that menu by pressing the «right» arrow.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 13 3) Select «111. LNB», and enter that menu by pressing the «right» arrow. Example : 4) With the «+» or «-» key, select a band. 5) Confirm the selection by pressing the «down» arrow. 112. Frequency This screen allows you to enter the DVB carrier frequency.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 14 1) In the «1. Set config» menu, select «11. DVB». 2) Enter that menu by pressing the «right» arrow. 3) With the «down» arrow, select «113. Bauds», and enter that menu by pressing the «right» arrow. Example : 4) Enter a value by using the same method that you used to set the IP address.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 15 3) With the «down» arrow, select «115. Polarization», and enter that menu by pressing the «right» arrow. Example : Note: Vert.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 16 3) With the «down» arrow, select «117. LNB Power», and enter that menu by pressing the «right» arrow. Example : 4) With the «+» or «-» key, decide to enable or disable LNB Power. 5) Confirm the selection by pressing the «down» arrow.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 17 1) In the «1. Set config» menu, select «11. DVB». 2) Enter that menu by pressing the «right» arrow. 3) With the «down» arrow, select «11A. Stop MPE», and enter that menu by pressing the «right» arrow. Example : 4) With the «+» or «-» key, select a PID.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 18 3) With the «down» arrow, select «11C. LLC-SNAP», and enter that menu by pressing the «right» arrow. Example : 4) With the «+» or «-» key, select LLC-SNAP traffic. 5) Confirm the selection by pressing the «down» arrow.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 19 Example : 4) Enter the IP address and the network mask. 5) Confirm the value by pressing the «down» arrow. 122. Media type Media type determines the connection speed to the Ethernet network. This screen allows you to select the best Ethernet carrier.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 20 131. Unicast Unicast is communication between a single sender and a single receiver over a network. This screen allows you to configure the IPR-S1000 as a router (Routing), a bridge (Bridging) or as a simple receiver. 1) In the «1.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 21 (Yes routing), or as a multicast bridge (Yes bridging). 1) In the «1. Set config» menu, select «13. IP». 2) Enter that menu by pressing the «right» arrow. 3) Select «133. Multicast», and enter that menu by pressing the «right» arrow.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 22 4) With the «+» or «-» key, fill in one or two fields (IP address type field). 5) Confirm the values by pressing the «down» arrow. 135. Bridging A bridge is a product that connects a local area network (LAN) to another local area network that uses the same protocol.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 23 5) Confirm the selection by pressing the «down» arrow. 137. Delete routes This screen allows you to delete all the routes. 1) In the «1. Set config» menu, select «13. IP». 2) Enter that menu by pressing the «right» arrow.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 24 4) With the «+» or «-» key, set the IP address. 5) Confirm the selection by pressing the «down» arrow. 14. Profiles Note: # is always followed by a profile name. * indicates that the profile is the startup profile. 141.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 25 4) With the «+» or «-» key, select startup or load. 5) Confirm the selection by pressing the «down» arrow. 143. TFTP load This screen allows you to load a profile stored on a TFTP server. 1) In the «1. Set config» menu, select «14.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 26 1) With the «+» or «-» key, enter the new password. 2) Confirm the selection by pressing the «down» arrow. 16. Chg. read pwd This screen allows you to enter a new password for the read level. 1) With the «+» or «-» key, enter the new password.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 27 «down» arrow. To cancel it, press the «up» arrow. 2. Menu View Config This screen displays the current configuration. There is no risk of altering the configuration. 21. Sat infos This screen allows you to visualize the satellite configuration.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 28 Note: It is also the MAC address of the Ethernet interface and the serial number of the IPR-S1000 25. Generic GET Generic GET allows you to get information on sections and attributes. 3. Monitoring This screen displays real time information dealing with satellite connection and LAN diagnostic.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 29 - Locked/Unlocked signal - Signal to noise ratio (5.5 dB) - Viterbi Bit Error Rate (1.3 E - 02) 32. LAN connection This screen allows you to test the IP connection by using the ping program. 33. MPE stats This screen displays the selected MPE PID and the total bit rate in Kbits/s and in IP packets/s.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 30 To reboot the IPR-S1000, press the «down» arrow. To cancel the reboot, press the «up» arrow. 5. Version This screen displays the current system version and the satellite reception module. II The Web interface. Note: It is strongly advised to activate the Javascript in the browser to use the Web interface correctly.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 31 2. Main page Underneath are some definitions and explanations of the terms contained in that page. Name (S1000) and version (3.0) of the firmware. Viterbi Bit Error Rate corresponds to the rate of errors found in the packets after Viterbi correction.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 32 For the IPR-S1000, the input bandwidth (at IP level) is limited to 40000 Kbits/s. . Eb/No is related to the signal/noise (in dB). In other words, it refers to the signal quality. The user’s signal will be considered as quasi error free if Eb/No is greater than 5.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 33 LNB power shows if the IPR-S1000 is supplying power to the LNB. Frequency corresponds to the reception frequency of the DVB carrier (floating point number in giga hertz). Baud rate is the number of symbols transmitted per second.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 34 IP address (Ethernet) : Internet protocol. It is a unique network number included in any packet sent out of the network onto the Internet. 3. Profiles and passwords Definition: This module allows you to load, save and manage your profiles and passwords.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 35 Load You have three possibilities to load a profile: In the drop-down menu, select the profile you want to load (an existing profile). Click on the load button. In the respective blank fields, enter the address of the TFTP server and the name of the profile.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 36 In the respective blank fields, enter the TFTP server address and the name under which the profile will be saved. Click on the save button. Management In the drop-down menu, select the profile you want to rename . In the blank field, enter the name of the new profile.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 37 4. System Definition: This module allows you to load, save and manage up to two firmwares and to reboot the IPR-S1000. Firmware In the respective blank fields, enter the TFTP server address and the name of the firmware. Click on update from server or backup to server according to your need.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 38 Click on the browse button and select the firmware you want to load on the IPR- S1000. Click on the Ok button. Here are some information concerning the default and secondary firmwares . Click on the swap them or erase secondary button according to your need.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 39 5. DVB Definition: The Digital Video Broadcasting Standards Association created DVB as the standard interface to facilitate the delivery of MPEG-2 data over heterogeneous broadcast networks.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 40 LNB In the drop-down menu, select yes to s upply power to the LNB . In the drop-down menu, select the type of LNB . In case the predifined values do not meet your requirements, you may then manually configure them in the following menu.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 41 In the blank field, enter the frequency (in GHz). In the blank field, enter the baud rate (in kilo bauds). In the drop-down menu, select the baud rate locking method. In the drop-down menu, select the FEC value. In the drop-down menu, select the polarization .
Configuring the IPR-S1000 42 In the drop-down menu, select the interface on which the IP copy will be done. In the blank fields, enter the 2 bytes prefix that will be added to the IP copy address in order to create a new DVB MAC address. Tuner In the blank field, enter a number (in seconds) corresponding to the delay between lock attempts .
Configuring the IPR-S1000 43 In the blank field, enter a number (in KHz) corresponding to the scanning range . Click on the accept changes button. 6. Ethernet Definition: Ethernet is the most widely-installed local area network technology. In the blank field, enter the primary IP address .
Configuring the IPR-S1000 44 Click on the accept changes button. 7. IP Definition: This module allows you to manage IP parameters. General In the respective blank fields, enter the host and domain names.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 45 In the blank fields, enter the DNS . A maximum of two DNS (Domain Name Server) may be set up. The first one entered will always have priority. Forwarding In the drop-down menu, select yes to activate broadcast bridging . In the drop-down menu, select the unicast forwarding mode .
Configuring the IPR-S1000 46 Static routes In the respective blank fields, enter the target network , the gateway and optionaly the interface address . In the blank field, enter the target network . In the drop-down menu, select the interface . Click on the accept changes button.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 47 In the drop-down menu, select active to enable Telnet service . In the drop-down menu, select active to enable TCP port 1234 access . Click on the accept changes button. 9. Fixed Key Conditionnal Access Definition: Module that allows to decrypt (with two keys) packets enciphered in Fixed Key CAS.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 48 The blank fields can display the currently accepted MPE PIDS . You can also add or remove other MPE PIDs using these blank fields. Click on the accept changes button. 10. SNMP Definition: Simple Network Management Protocol.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 49 In the blank field, enter the Read ONLY community . In the blank field, enter the Read+Write community . In the blank field, enter the system sysContact . In the blank field, enter the system sysLocation . SNMP traps In the blank field, enter the Manager IP address .
Configuring the IPR-S1000 50 11. Syslog Definition: The IPR-S1000 can provide log information by using the syslog protocol. In the drop-down menu, select active to start Syslog . Log selection In the drop-down menu, select the facility . In the drop-down menu, select the comparison .
Configuring the IPR-S1000 51 Log forwarding In the blank field, enter the destination server . If you want to change local facility , make your change using the drop-down menu. In the drop-down menu, select yes to include the local date . Same as above.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 52 13. IP Crypt Definition: IP Crypt encrypts IP packets between computer systems. In the drop-down menu, select active to start IP Crypt . In the blank field, enter the host or network IP address . In the blank field, enter the odd key .
Configuring the IPR-S1000 53 Click on the accept changes button. 11. Firewall Definition: A firewall is a set of programs, located at a network gateway server, that protects the resources of a private network from users from other networks.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 54 In the blank fields, enter the static rules . Rules to activate In the blank fields, enter the rules to activate only when PPP session is UP . Log to syslog In the drop-down menu, select yes to log to Syslog . Click on the accept changes button.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 55 Displays the factory DVB MAC address which is always enabled. In the blank fields, enter additional MAC addresses . Click on the Accept changes button. 13. NAT Definition: Network Address Translation is the translation of an IP address used within one network to a different IP address known within another network.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 56 In the drop-down menu, select active to start NAT . Masquerading In the blank field, enter the alias address . In the first drop-down menu, choose to activate or disactivate dynamic NAT. If you choose active , select the interface in the second drop-down menu.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 57 In the first drop-down menu, select auto or manual . In the second drop-down menu, select the input interface for satellite packets.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 58 To obtain the signification of all the options as well as the default values, click on the help button. In the blank field, enter the phone number . In the blank field, enter the authname . In the blank field, enter the password .
Configuring the IPR-S1000 59 Here are some information concerning PPP process and session. Click on the reload page to update or close current session button according to your need.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 60 15. PPTP Definition: Point to Point Tunneling protocol (PPTP) is a protocol (set of communication rules) that allows corporations to extend their own corporate network through private «tunnels» over the public Internet.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 61 In the drop-down menu, select active to start VPN . In the blank field, enter the IP address or the FQDN, i.e. the PPTP server. In the blank field, enter the authname . In the blank field, enter the password . In the drop-down menu, select the debug level .
Configuring the IPR-S1000 62 In the blank field, enter a number (in seconds) corresponding to the timeout of the connections after the first one, which is configured by connect timer . In the blank field, enter the number of time the connection to the PNS is made.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 63 In the drop-down menu, select active to start UDLR . Basic parameters In the drop-down menu, select the route for GRE upstream . In the drop-down menu, choose to enable or disable DTCP daemon . In the drop-down menu, select the DTCP annoucement group .
Configuring the IPR-S1000 64 17. Tools Spectrum In the drop-down menu, select the band . In the blank field, enter the baud rate (in killo.bauds). In the drop-down menu, select the polarization . In the drop-down menu, choose to enable or disable 22 KHz .
Configuring the IPR-S1000 65 TS Dump Definition: TS Dump is an MPEG2-TS (Transport Stream) monitoring tool. It can perform the following tasks: - display the selected TS packets in different ways (hexa, hexdump style...), - record the selected TS packets into a file (using the browser or a FTP server), - display statistics of the selected PIDs.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 66 The program will stop after this number of seconds. Allows one to specify which packets will be displayed. Allows one to specify the number of bytes that will be displayed. If selected, TS Dump will display the PID number before each TS packet.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 67 In the drop-down menu, select the dump mode . Click on the send request button. DVB Dump Definition: DVB Dump is a monitoring tool. Its goal is to dump and display, in a human and readable format, the service information tables as defined in ISO/IEC 13818-1 and EN 300 468.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 68 IP Dump Definition: IP Dump prints out the packets on a network interface, and therefore it is useful to analyse network traffic.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 69.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 70 In the drop-down menu, select the interface . In the blank field, enter a number of packets. In the drop-down menu, select the protocol . In the drop-down menu, select to enable or disable promiscuous mode . In the blank field, enter the dump duration (in seconds).
Configuring the IPR-S1000 71 In the drop-down menus, select the size parameters. In the blank field, enter a number of bytes. Custom In the drop-down menu, select the custom parameter. In the blank field, enter the custom filter rule. For custom filter rule, the filter expression syntax is the same as the one of tcp dump.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 72 you are trying to reach is actually operating. In the blank field, enter the hostname or IP address . The program will stop after sending this number of packets. The program will stop after this number of seconds. To show network addresses as numbers only , put a tick in the box.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 73 computer and a specified destination computer. It also calculates and displays the amount of time each hop took. In the blank field, enter the hostname or IP address . To show network addresses as numbers only , put a tick in the box.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 74 Click on the go button. Network statistics Definition: Network statistics is a module composed of three elements: the routing table, the interfaces statistics, and the ARP table.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 75 III The Telnet interface. This chapter describes how to use the Telnet interface to manage the IPR-S1000. The Telnet interface is designed for individuals who have precise and specific needs. The IPR-S1000 can also be remotely managed with a TCP connection on port 1234.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 76 -Right and left arrows. -Backspacing. -Up and down scrolling arrows (for back and forth travelling between command entries). -Tab key (allows you to ask for text completion possibilities before the cursor). When you first press the key, it tries to complete the text.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 77 abort Allows to abort modifications after one or many set command. auth (Authentication) Allows to change the authentication level, i.e to switch to the public, read or write level. A password is needed only when switching to a more restricted level.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 78 bat: bouquet association table. cat: conditional access table. eit: event information table. nit: network information table. pat: program association table. pid_revealer: gives the type of flow. pmt_pid: program map table.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 79 the interface that one listens to. quick: Allows to have a reduced display (minimum of essential information). timeout: Maximum duration of the capture (in second). timestamp: Displays time information on each packet (time is specific to the equipment).
Configuring the IPR-S1000 80 numeric: Allows to display IP addresses. timeout: Lifetime of the request. verbose: Allows to display all received ICMP packets. ppp (Point to point protocol) Acts on PPP process. close: Allows to force, on request, the closing of the session.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 81 kernelcontents: Displays the firmware contents. kernelstate: Displays the amount of firmware present on the Flash Card. kernelswap: Allows to switch from the current firmware to the previous one. packages: Displays the list of installed packages (software) and their version numbers.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 82 display_which_bytes: The number of displayed octets for each packet. display_which_pkts: The interveal of packages between two postings. ftp_addr: Access parameters to FTP server which will store TS flow. Necessary only if FTP is selected.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 83 fec: current FEC, useful if FEC auto is enabled. lock: Yes if locked, No else. macaddress: MAC address of this interface (it cannot be modified). macaddresses: List of all MAC addresses currently treated by the receiver card.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 84 ipdump Dumps network traffic. bytecount: Indicates the program to analyze a certain number of bytes (default number: 68 bytes). custom: Allows to enter an expression for the filter (TCP Dump format). display: Allows to display the contents of the packet (either hexadecimal, or hexadecimal + ASCII).
Configuring the IPR-S1000 85 count: The number of ECHO_REQUEST. numeric: Allows to display IP addresses. timeout: Lifetime of the request. verbose: Allows to display all received ICMP packets. ppp (Point to point protocol) Acts on PPP process. close: Allows to force, on request, the closing of the session.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 86 tftpput: Allows to put a kernel or a profile on the specified TFTP server. version: Displays two version numbers. The first one is the system version, and the second one is the version of the satellite reception’s software.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 87 pid_list: This mandatory field must be filled in by a list of Program stream IDentifiers (PID). The PID minimum value is 0 and its maximum value is 8191. pkt_count: The program will stop after receiving this number of TS packets.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 88 dvb.crc_mpe Yes if CRC MPE is computed, No else. dvb.dvb_ipaddr IP address/network mask of the DVB interface. dvb.fec FEC value. dvb.freq Reception frequency in GHz. dvb.hiband_inf Valid values for high band. dvb.hiband_offset Local oscillator value for high band.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 89 dvb.mpe_pids List of MPE PIDs. dvb.mtu MTU of DVB interface. dvb.polar horizontal/LHCP/18v or vertical/RHCP/14v. dvb.relax_bauds Yes if baud rate is permissive, No otherwise. dvb.scan_freq Yes if frequency is scanned, No otherwise.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 90 ip.keepforus Yes if bridged traffic is analyzed, No otherwise. ip.macaddr Source MAC address policy for bridging MPE traffic. ip.mcast_addr List of multicast senders IP addresses. ip.multicast Multicast 0=none, 1=routing, 2=bridging.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 91 nat.autoiface_active Activation of interface change mechanism for incoming IP packages. It is strongly recommended to leave the parameter at AUTO. nat.autoiface_iface The interface of entering IP packets. nat.dyn_active Allows the automatic choice of the NAT process address to be activated or not.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 92 becomes available. This does not mean that the PPTP connection is established: the PPTP session remains down as long as no packets are transmitted by this interface. pptp.authname Contains the authentification login. pptp.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 93 that the SNMP agent will use to send traps. syslog.active Activation of the syslog service. syslog.config List of the options that allows to filter the messages of the IPR-S1000 log. udlr.active Activation of UDLR service.
Configuring the IPR-S1000 94 GLOSSARY Analog Used to transmit audio such as voice, radio, stereo and control tones. Antenna A device for transmitting and receiving radio waves.
Broadband A technique for sending data, voice, and video traffic over long distances by transmitting high-frequency signals over coaxial or fiber optic cables. Broadcast A packet delivery system where a copy of a given packet is given to all hosts attached to the network.
DRO Dielectric Resonator or Dielectrically Stabilized Oscillator. Highly stable oscillator circuit employed by LNBs and BDCs (block downconverter). DTCP Dynamic Tunnel Configuration Protocol. The DTCP protocol is a lightweight datagram protocol. DVB Digital Video Broadcasting.
Frame relay A high-speed packet-switching protocol used in wide area networks (WANs). Frame Relay provides for a granular service up to DS1 rates of 1.544 Mbps and is suited for data and image transfer. Frequency The number of times that an alternating current goes through its complete cycle in one second of time.
channel for control signals. ISO International Standards Organization: based in Geneva, Switzerland. It is responsible for promoting global trade of 90 member countries and establishing a wide range of voluntary standards including those pertaining to networking.
MCPC Multiple Channel Per carrier. DTH satellite TV programmers use a transmission format called Multiple Channel Per Carrier to multiplex two or more program services into a single unified digital bit stream.
PLL Phase Locked Loop. A type of oscillator that uses digital circuits and a precision reference signal to accurately control the frequency of the conversion oscillator. An LNB that incorporates a PLL oscillator has the characteristics of very low levels of phase noise and high levels of frequency stability.
RIP Routing Information Protocol. A routing protocol in TCP/IP and NetWare used to identify all attached networks as well as the number of router hops required to reach them (see RFC 1058 and RFC 2453). Router A system responsible for making decisions about which of several paths network (or Internet) traffic will follow.
TCP/IP or Transmission Control Protocol A connection oriented protocol designed for operation on the Internet. Considered to be a common language between otherwise incompatible computers. TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol. The simplified version of FTP.
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