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Rana Systems Elite Series User Manual.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL PREFACE This manual is copyrighted. All rights are reserved. This document may not, in whole or in part, be copied, photocopied, reproduced, trans- lated or reduced to any electronic medium or machine readable form without prior consent, in writing, from Rana Systems.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL PREFACE HARDWARE WARRANTY Rana Systems warrants to the original user of an Elite Series Product, including any associated software, that the product shall he free of defects resulting from faulty manufacture .of the product or its components for a period .
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL PREFACE ADDITIONAL WARRANTY INFORMATION Rana Systems makes no warranties, either express or implied, with respect to this manual or with respect to the software described in this manual, its quality, performance, merchant- ability, or fitness for any particular purpose.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL PREFACE SERVICE INFORMATION If your Elite Series product requires repair, please return it to the dealer from whom it was purchased. If it is not possible to return the product to your dealer, you may contact Rana Systems directly for factory or regional service information.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL PREFACE warranty period expires, it will be repaired for a flat fee. Inquiries regarding repair charges on products being returned to Rana Systems or one of our service centers for service should be made directly to Rana Systems.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INSTALLATION .......................... 1 1.1. Unpacking........................... 1 1.2. Connecting Drive Cables............. 1 1.3. Installing Your Controller Card..... 2 2. OPERATING .........
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CONTENTS 7.1.3. Drive Mechanism................ 3 7.1.4. Head Positioning Mechanisms.... 4 7.1.5. Read/Write Head................ 5 7.2. Elite Controller...................... 7 7.2.1. Introduction................... 7 7.2.2. Booting.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CONTENTS 10.5. SGLDRIVE Utility................ 34 10.6. ENHANCE Utility................. 38 11. SECTION ll ........................... 1 A. DISKETTE DATA RECORDING ............ 3 A.1. Introduction...................... 3 A.2.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES 1—1: Elite Controller Cable Connections.... 4 1—2: Disk-II Controller Cable Connections.. 5 6-1: Elite One Characteristics............. 2 6-2: Elite One Characteristics (cont.)..... 3 6-3: Elite Two Characteristics.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CONTENTS A-16: 5-plus-3 Conversion Table............ 35 A-17: Data encoding........................ 37 A-18: Data Decoding........................ 38 A-19: 6—plus—2 Encoding.................... 39 A-20: 6—plus—2 Conversion Table.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL INTRODUCTION 0.0 INTRODUCTION Congratulations! Now that you have bought one of the totally new elite Series products, you have done more for your Apple than Apple could do.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL INTRODUCTION Products less expensive to run in the comparisions which count: price per kilobyte of drive storage and expandability per controller card purchased.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL INSTALLATION 1 . INSTALLATION 1.1. Unpacking During unpacking, care should be taken to ensure that all tools are nonmaqnetic and do not in- flict damage to the unit. Carefully unwrap the package and save the material which will be useful in the future for protection during stor- age or travel.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL INSTALLATION both the drive and the controller. Be sure to make the connection BEFORE installing the controller card into the Apple motherboard. If you are installing a second disk drive, you should connect: the ribbon cable from the second drive onto the next set.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL INSTALLATION you controller in that slot. 3. Insert the gold covered “fingers” into the slot and GENTLY rock the controller card into a firmly seated position. 4. Adjust your ribbon cables so they pass easily out through the back of the computer through the vertical openings in the rear of the case.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL INSTALLATION Fig. 1-1: Elite Cont roller Cable Connections Page 1-4 drive 1 connector drive 2 connector drive 3 connector drive 4 connector controller card.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL INSTALLATION Fig. 1-2: Disk Il Cont roller Cable Connections Page 1—5 drive 1 connector drive 2 connector controller card ribbon cable to disk drive.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL INSTALLATION This page intentional1y left blank. Page 1-6.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL OPERATION 2. OPERATING If the only Elite product you currently have is the Elite Controller, then this section probably won’t be off must interest to you.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL OPERATION protected regardless of the PROTECT switch. Located next to the PROTECT switch is a small LED which, when on, indicates that the diskette is currently write-protected. This LED reflects write-protecting due to the switch or a tab on the diskette.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL OPERATION The best diskettes are those which give the most trouble—free recording, storage, and retrieval of information for the longest period of time.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL OPERATION Recommended Diskettes for the Elite One Hard Sec. Hard Sec. Soft Sec. 16 Sec. 10 Sec. Dbl. Dens. Dbl. Dens. Dbl. Dens. Sgl. Sided Sgl. Sided Sgl. Sided Dysan Part Nbr. 104/1D 107/1D 105/1D Ord. Nbr. 801787 801014 807188 Maxell Part Nbr.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL OPERATION Recommended Diskettes for the Elite Two Hard Sec. Hard Sec. Soft Sec. 16 Sec. 10 Sec. Dbl. Dens. Dbl. Dens. Dbl. Dens. Sgl. Sided Sgl. Sided Sgl. Sided Dysan Part Nbr. 104/1D 107/1D 105/1D Ord. Nbr. 802060 802062 802061 Maxell Part Nbr.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL OPERATION Diskettes for the Elite Three Hard Sec. Hard Sec. Soft Sec. 16 Sec. 10 Sec. Dbl. Dens. Dbl. Dens. Dbl. Dens. Sgl. Sided Sgl. Sided Sgl. Sided Dysan Part Nbr. 204/1D 207/1D 205/1D Ord. Nbr. 802067 800455 802066 Maxell Part Nbr.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL DOS ENHANCEMENTS 3. ENHANCING APPLE‘S APPLE II DOS 3.3 Rana Systems’ Enhancements for Apple’s Apple II DOS 3.3 allow automatic accessing of 4 drives from the Rana Elite Controller Card and the additional capacity of the Elite Disk Drives.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL DOS ENHANCEMENTS made a backup copy of it, the backup copy can also be used. The Rana DOS Enhancements Diskette does not contain a copy of DOS and will not boot DOS into the computer.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL DOS ENHANCEMENTS task, considering the vivid imagination of many users. These instructions have been written in a step- by—step manner, with some explanation of what is being done at each step. All of these instruc— tions have been tested at Rana to confirm that they are correct.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL DOS ENHANCEMENTS Slot six is the normal location for your first controller, so unless you have something which conflicts, it is suggested.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL DOS ENHANCEMENTS After the “6<CTRL—P><RETURN>” sequence is typed on a non-autostart Apple (the <CTRL—P> part won’t show on the screen), your system drive should rattle for a moment and then Sit there quietly spinning.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL DOS ENHANCEMENTS to see more of the list. If MASTER CREATE is not on the diskette, you are not using an ori- ginal Apple DOS 3.3 distribution diskette (or an exact copy af one). You will need to start over again using another diskette which does have MASTER CREATE on it.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL DOS ENHANCEMENTS any other diskettes from any other drives. With the new diskette in the system drive, type: INIT HELLO<RETURN> and DOS will INITialize the diskette. The drive will rattle and spin for less than a minute, and then the BASIC prompt should reappear.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL DOS ENHANCEMENTS Once DOS has loaded MASTER CREATE off the disk- ette, MASTER CREATE will display: DOS 3.3 MASTER-CREATE UTILITY COPYRIGHT 1980 BY APPLE COMPUTER INC.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL DOS ENHANCEMENTS MASTER CREATE will come back with: REMEMBER THAT MASTER DOES NOT CREATE THE GREETING PROGRAM, OR PLACE IT IN THE DISK DIRECTORY THIS IS THE FILE NAME THAT WILL BE PLACED WITHIN THE IMAGE: HELLO PLACE THE DISKETTE TO BE MASTERED IN THE DISK DRIVE.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL DOS ENHANCEMENTS When it is finished, it will respond with: THE DISKETTE HAS BEEN UPDATED, YOU MAY REMOVE IT AT THIS TIME. IF YOU WISH TO “MASTER” ANOTHER DISK- ETTE, PRESS (RETURN 1.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL DOS ENHANCEMENTS No need to remove the diskette. Since no more is required of MASTER CREATE, just type (for all drives): <ESC> and you will get: INSERT A SYSTEM DISKETTE AND PRESS [RETURN] TO REBOoT DOS So, of course, type: <RETURN> and your new DOS master will be magically booted for you.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL DOS ENHANCEMENTS Once loaded, ENHANCE will respond with: ENHANCE RANA SYSTEMS’ ENHANCER FOR APPLE’S APPLE ][ DOS VERSION 3.3 COPYRIGHT (C) (P) 1982 RANA SYSTEMS ENHANCER VERSION 2.0 ENHANCEMENTS VERSION 2.0 INSERT DOS 3.3 SYSTEM MASTER DISK INTO SLOT #6, DRIVE #1.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL DOS ENHANCEMENTS Since you will be enhancing the newly created DOS master, which is already in the drive, just type: <RETURN> and ENHANCE will replace the “stupid” DOS on the diskette with the enhanced smart” DOS. After the replacement has been made, ENHANCE will display: ENHANCEMENTS COMPLETE.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL DOS ENHANCEMENTS Once ENHANCE has displayed its message, insert the other INITialized diskette and press (Elite Three only): <RETURN> to tell ENHANCE to go ahead and read a copy of DOS off of that diskette.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL DOS ENHANCEMENTS tions didn’t have to deal with any “strange” hello program you may have had on the diskette. You are now running under an enhanced DOS 3.3 system master. It already will recognize the extra drives on an Elite Controller (if you are using one).
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL DOS ENHANCEMENTS and PROFILE will then ask: ENTER DRIVE NUMBER (1—4) so type (without <RETURN>): 1 PROFILE will then respond with: INSERT AN ENHANCED DOS 3.3 SYSTEM MASTER DISKETTE INTO SLOT #6, DRIVE #1. PRESS <RETURN> WREN READY to READ DOS IMAGE INTO MEMORY.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL DOS ENHANCEMENTS The last letter is the speed at which the drive is seeking from track to track: S = Slow (Disk if standard) M = Medium (Elite One standard) F = Fast (Elite Tw.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL DOS ENHANCEMENTS So type (without <RETURN>): 1 Now that you’ve told PROFILE which drive’s set- ting to change, it’ll need to know what is to be the new setting; so.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL DOS ENHANCEMENTS or, if you’re stuck with a Disk II, type: 0 PROFILE will then ask for the seek speed of the drive: ENTER SEEK SPEED (0-2) : 0) SLOW (DISK-II AND ELITE SERIE.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL DOS ENHANCEMENTS PROFILE has only made your change to the copy of DOS it is holding in its storage areas. No changes have been made to any diskette copy or the copy which is running in memory. In order to make use of the change, it will have to be written to a diskette.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL DOS ENHANCEMENTS To update the diskette, type: <RETURN> and PROFILE will over-write the old enhanced DOS with the new one.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL DOS ENHANCEMENTS The reason why this newly configured DOS prob- ably won’t boot correctly is because you’ve told the DOS image on the diskette that your system drive is some special type of drive (assuming you’re not using a Disk II).
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL DOS ENHANCEMENTS Type: <RETURN> and FORMAT will read in the DOS image from that diskette. After the image is in memory, FORMAT will ask: SLOT NUMBER (1-7)? 6 FORMAT is asking for the slot number of the drive to be used for formatting.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL DOS ENHANCEMENTS FORMAT will then need to know: TYPE OF FORMAT TO PERFORM (0—3)? 0 0) APPLE DISK-II ( 35 TRACKS) 1) RANA ELITE ONE ( 40 TRACKS) 2) RANA ELITE TWO ( 80 TRACKS.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL DOS ENHANCEMENTS The default FORMAT has provided is the standard Apple default which un—enhanced DOS’s INIT com- mand would use.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL DOS ENHANCEMENTS For now, just type: <RETURN> to use the default (RUN <HI FILE>). That’s all the information FORMAT needs, so it will say: INSERT DISKETTE TN DRIVE. PRESS <RETURN> TO INITIALIZE, PRESS <ESC> TO CHANGE PARAMETERS.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL DOS ENHANCEMENTS When finished, FORMAT will display: DO ANOTHER DISKETTE (Y/N)? Type (without <RETURN>): N and FORMAT will terminate back to the BASIC prompt. You now have a full capacity diskette for your system drive which will boot correctly, so type: PR#6<RETURN> to try it out.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL DOS ENHANCEMENTS PR#6 You should get a “FILE NOT FOUND” message. Then remove “unconfigured master” and insert the Enhancer diskette. Type (Elite Three only): BRUN CLONE<RETURN> Once CLONE is loaded, it will “sign on” with: CLONE RANA SYSTEMS’ 16-SECTOR DOS 3.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL DOS ENHANCEMENTS Next comes: DRIVE NUMBER (1—4)? 1 Just press (Elite Three only): <RETURN> The next question is: DISKETTE TYPE (0-0)? 0 Again, simply press (Elite Three only): <RETURN> That ends all the source drive/diskette ques- tions.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL DOS ENHANCEMENTS The last question is: DISKETTE TYPE (0-3)? 0 And for this question, respond with (Elite Three only, without <RETURN>): 3 After which CLONE will display a notice concerning the use of the Elite Three backup diskette you have indicated you wish to create.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL DOS ENHANCEMENTS In response, type (Elite Three only, no <RETURN>): Y and CLONE will once again prompt you to insert your source diskette. This time, the source diskette will be the Elite Enhancer diskette. The destination diskette will be your fourth diskette, which you’ve not used so far.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL DOS ENHANCEMENTS At this point, if you are a non-Elite Three system drive user, you should continue with the procedure. It is now necessary to transfer Apple’s utility FID onto your higher capacity diskette, so in- sert either your DOS 3.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL DOS ENHANCEMENTS And for the destination drive number, type: 1<RETURN> FID will then ask for the name of the file to copy, so type: FID<RETURN> After which, FID will give you a chance to either press <ESC> if you made an entry error, or <RETURN> to begin the copy.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL DOS ENHANCEMENTS The next step is to copy FID ENHANCE onto the “full capacity system master”. To do this, type: 1 <RETURN> to tell FID you want to copy another file.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL DOS ENHANCEMENTS FID will again tell you when it has completed the copy, and wait for you to press <RETURN>. So press: <RETURN> and the main menu will be redisplayed. You are finished using FID, so type: 9<RETURN> to get back to BASIC.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL DOS ENHANCEMENTS DELETE FID<RETURN> to get rid of the old FID. Then type: LOCK FIDR<RETURN> to keep the new FIDR safe. The last step is to transfer the remainder of the system master programs (supplied by Apple) and the Enhancer utilities onto your "full ca- pacity system master.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL DOS ENHANCEMENTS FIDR will then ask for the name of the file to copy. Indicate all files by typing: =<RETURN> Because you indicated more than one file, FIDR will want to know if you want “prompting”. Prompting allows you to say yes or no to each file before it is copied.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL DOS ENHANCEMENTS FIDR will then display a file name from the source diskette, and wait for you to type: Y<RETURN> or: N<RETURN> to specify either “yes” you want the file cop- ied, or “no” you don’t want it copied.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL DOS ENHANCEMENTS Once you’ve inserted this diskette, type: <RETURN> to tell FIDR it can continue. Eventually, after saying "yes" and "no" to alot of file names, and swapping the diskettes sev- eral times, FIDR will finally tell you it is finished.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL DOS ENHANCEMENTS Once again, FIDR will ask if you want prompting. This time, answer: N<RETURN> to tell FIDR to copy all the files without asking you. FIDR will again give you a chance, to press <ESC> if you made a mistake, or <RETURN> if everything is okay.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL DOS ENHANCEMENTS Once back at the menu, type: 9<RETURN> to get back to BASIC. At this point, your “full capacity system mas- ter” is complete as far as your system drive is concerned.
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ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS 4.ENHANCING MICROSOFT APPLE II CP/M 2.2 Rana Systems Enhancements for Microsoft’s Apple if 56K CP/M 2.2 allow automatic accessing of 4 drives from the Rana Elite Controller Card and the additional capacity of the Elite Disk Drives.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS do. The 56K version of CP/M can he modified to support the Elite Series products without steal- ing space from the user’s memory area, because Rana used a little “hidden~ section of memory in the 16K RuM/Language Card (which -is required for 56K CP/M) which Microsoft left available.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS When hooted, the enhanced CP/M checks all the controllers in the Apple to determine which are Elite Controllers and which are Disk ][ control- lers, starting from slot six and working back- wards.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS tures, but don’t have all the CP/M utilities occupying the space the user needs to put to better use. The following steps will guide you in creating your enhanced CP/M master and demonstrate some of the functions of the Rana enhancement utili- ties.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS 4.1. Using Multiple Drives These instructions detail a very specific ap- proach to creating an enhanced CP/M for any valid combination of Elite drives, Elite Con- trollers, Disk 1! drives, and Disk ][ control- lers which any user can possibly dream up.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS The length of these instructions is due to the fact that this will be your initial creation of an enhanced CP/M. Once this initial diskette is created, life becomes alot easier. Even though the instructions are lengthy, they are not ter- ribly complex to follow.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS Final Configuration Temporary Config. Drive A: Drive B: Drive A: Drive B: Disk ][ Disk ][ Disk ][ Disk ][ Disk ][ Elite One Elite One Disk ][ Disk ][ Elite T.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS A Non-Autostart Apple will “beep” then display an asterisk (“*”) prompt right away. When this prompt appears, simply type: 6<CTRL-P><RETURN> When indicating those keys on the Apple ][ key- board which are not just a single character (i.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS When all goes well, one of your drives’ “busy” light will be on and the drive should be quietly spinning waiting for a diskette. Simply oblige it by inserting your CP/M master diskette from Microsoft. (Label should be up and the last thing to go in the door.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS Once again CP/M will indulge you by displaying those files which Rana so nicely supplied you. (What a pair of nice companies, right?) (if you are an Elite Three user, keep in mind that your drive will read standard Apple diskettes.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS files as well as the system tracks will be erased. Format will normally detect an already formatted 16 sector disk and ask you to verify that you want the disk erased. This includes any DOS 3.3 or Apple Pascal diskettes you may have had lying around.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS You should then oblige it by typing: <RETURN> FORMAT will respond with: Formatting... Drive A: will then rattle for about a minute, and FORMAT will com.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS The CP/M Operating System and all the utility programs on the Apple CP/M master now need to be copied onto your newly formatted disk. The original Microsoft COPY utility supplied on your Apple CP/M Master will do the job nicely.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS The utility will respond with: Insert MASTER disk into drive B: Insert SLAVE disk into drive A: Press RETURN to begin Type: <RETURN> COPY will then respond with: Copying.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS Take your Apple CP/M Master Diskette from B: and put it away in a safe place. You should no longer need it except in an emergency.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS CP/M will load the CPM56 utility into memory, then the utility will display: Apple II CP/M 56K CP/M Disk Update Program (C) 1980 Microsoft Insert 16 sector d.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS and permanently place the Enhanced CP/M on the disk’s system tracks. The new copy of the CP/M Master disk should be in drive A: and the “A>” prompt should be on the screen.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS Once that mouthful has finished displaying, type: <RETURN> ENHANCE will go out and replace those sections of the original Microsoft 56K CP/M with that information which is necessary to use the ad- vanced features of the Rana Elite products.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS CP/M will now give you a directory off that drive. (Wasn’t that fun!) In order to complete the enhanced CP/M master diskette, you will need to move the enhanced utilities onto the master diskette from the Enhancements diskette.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS by typing <CTRL—K>, and the “]” character is produced by typing <SHIFT-M>. The Apple key- board is not marked with (at least one of) these characters.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS APPLE ][ CP/M 16 Sector Disk Formatter Primary Copyright 1980 Microsoft Portions Copyright 1982 RANA Systems RANA Systems Version 1.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS drive type for the drive being used as drive B:. FOR MAT cannot always catch that the drive was unable to handle the type of format you request- ed. The disk will appear to be correctly for- matted but will cause a CP/M Disk I/O error or BDOS error at some later stage, or your new CP/M may not boot.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS <RETURN> without specifying any drive information. CP/M will eventually respond with “A>”. Before you can copy the system onto the diskette in drive B: in the correct format, you will need to inform the enhanced CP/M of drive B:‘s type.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS B:2 Once you’ve typed the drive type number, press: <RETURN~> and PROFILE will respond with: Was B: Apple Disk-][ Slow seek. and: Now B: RANA Elite One, Medium seek. or: Now B: RANA Elite Two, Fast seek.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS Since you, no doubt, entered the command cor- rectly and received the response which would be correct for whichever type of drive you have as drive B:, simply press: and PROFILE will update the current operating CP/M so that it recognizes drive B: as whatever drive B: should he.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS Once it’s loaded, it will respond with: APPLE ][ CP/M 16 Sector Disk Copy Utility Primary Copyright 1980 Microsoft Portions Copyright 1982 RANA Systems RANA Systems Version 1.1 * Once again, the “*” signals that COPY is ready for a command.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS Since the two diskettes are already inserted, type: <RETURN> and copy will respond with: Copying... This time COPY will make one read on drive A:, and then one write on drive B:.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS The enhanced CP/M master was never removed, so just type: <RETURN> and the CP/M “A>” prompt will appear.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS Now let’s take a look at why the enhanced CP/M is treating all your drives just like Disk ][ drives. Type: B:=*<RETURN> This tells PROFILE to go Look.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS Once the table is “read-in”, PROFILE will tell you the system configuration for which it is set Up: A: Apple Disk—][, Slow seek. * * * P:+ Slow seek. * The three vertical dots are supposed to indicate that the other drives (B: through 0:) will also be listed.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS ple) rate, so that is all that should be listed for now. To change the setting for drive A: within that system sitting out on the diskette in drive B:, type .
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS Once you’ve entered the drive type number, press: <RETURN> and PROFILE will respond with (again): Insert a system disk in B: <RETURN> to continue/retry; <ESC> or <CTRL -C> to abort.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS and always: Ready to update B:. <RETURN> to continue/retry; <ESC> or <CTRL-C> to abort. The “Now" message you get will match the drive type you specified. To update the CP/M system on drive B:, type: and PROFILE will write out the new configura- tion.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS This command first tells CP/M where to find PIP (“B:PIP”), and then tells PIP to copy all files on drive B: (“B:*.*”) to drive A: (“A:=”) and verify that they made it correctly (“[V]”). Since PIP will he doing a whole hunch of files, it will display the name of each file as it is copied.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS The easiest way to define within enhanced CP/M which type of drive is where is by specifying one long string of change commands, preceeded by: For example, i.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS If you press <RETURN>, PROFILE will list all the “Was” and “NOW” changes that it made (under your direction), and then display: Ready to update A:. <RETURN> to continue/retry; <ESC> or <CTRL-C> to abort.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS city (if you’re an Elite Two or Three user, this will make your day), look up the: STAT DSK: <RETURN> command in your Microsoft CP/M manuals.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS systems’ diskettes, but they generally do not understand the information which the other two systems’ place within the “sectors”.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS 4.2. Using a Single Drive These instructions detail a very specific ap- proach to creating an enhanced CP/M for any valid combination of Elite drives, Elite Con- trollers, Disk if drives, and Disk if control- lers which any user can possibly dream up.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS created, life becomes alot easier. Even though the instructions are lengthy, they are not ter- ribly complex to follow. In order to use Microsoft Apple If CP/M, you must have your disk controller card (Elite or Disk ][) in slot six.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS The “6<CTRL-P><RETURN>” command assumes that your disk controller card (Elite or Disk ][) is located in slot number six. If it isn’t, it should be moved to slot six (with power off, please) since CP/M will expect it to be there.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS these enhancement procedures. The last thing your Apple should say is “A>”. This is your prompt to enter a command.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS (Tough, right?) After CP/M loads the utility into memory, FORMAT will “sign on” by saying something like: Apple ][ CP/M 16 Sector Disk Formatter (C) 1980 Microsoft Format disk in which drive? If any part of your “sign on” message is differ- ent, you may have a newer version.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS Three to read this diskette, it will all come out okay in the end. Once you have a diskette, take out the CP/M master and put in the blank diskette.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS FORMAT will then respond with: Insert CP/M System disk in drive A: Press RETURN This smart little utility remembered you had taken the CP/M master diskette out of the drive so you could insert the blank disk to be format- ted.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS The asterisk (“*”) prompt indicates COPY is ready to go. Following the prompt type: A:=A: The utility will respond with: Insert MISTER disk and press RETURN Type: <RETURN> COPY will then read as much of the CP/M master diskette as it can into memory.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS In response to this message you should insert the CP/M master and then type: <RETURN> COPY will proceed like this until the copy is completed. It will take about eight diskette exchanges (four inserts of each diskette) to complete the copy.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS Since the diskette in the drive (the one which was the blank disk) now contains an exact copy of the CP/M master, go ahead and type: <RETURN> Once CP/M.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS Since the system disk you want to update to 56K is the one you already have in drive A:, simply press: <RETURN> CPM56 will write out the 56K CP/M syste.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS Once CP/M gets the ENHANCE utility loaded, the utility will display: ENHANCE RANA Systems’ Enhancer for Microsoft Us Apple ][ 56K CP/M BIOS Copyright (C)(P) 7982 RANA Systems Version 1.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS Once ENHANCE is finished, it will display: Enhancing completed. Press <RETURN> to reboot system from slot #6. Since you will want to start playing with the enhanced CP/M right away, press: <RETURN> and ENHANCE will re-boot the enhanced CP/M sys- tem.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS Type the following three CP/M commands. After each command, CP/M will simply respond with “A>”. ERA FORMAT.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS The final "mount" message comes from the section of SGLDRIVE which is left in memory as part of the operating system (CP/M) after the bulk of SGLDRIVE goes away. This extra little “resi- dent” section of SGLDRIVE does not consume any of the user’s memory.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS SGLDRIVE converts CP/M’s request to read or write on drive B: into a request to do the same read or write on drive A: (which now has the “phoney” drive B:’s diskette in it).
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS CP/M will respond with it’s “A>”. Now issue the following four commands. After each command has completed, CP/M will respond with it’s “A>” prompt. Whenever SGLDRIVE asks you to “mount B:”, you should insert the Enhancer diskette and then press <ESC>.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS The first step in creating a system diskette for your higher capacity Elite drive is to format a diskette for the drive to use when it starts operating in a higher capacity way. Since you now have an enhanced CP/M, you can now run the new FORMAT utility in order to create these higher capacity diskettes.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS Once you have the drive type number from the table, type (without <RETURN>): A: followed by the drive type number.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS Insert that second blank diskette which was mentioned earlier, then type: <RETURN> FORMAT will respond with: Formatting.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS Before you can copy the system onto the new diskette in the correct format, you will need to define for the enhanced CP/M a drive which can read and write in the higher capacity format. This is accomplished using the PROFILE utility.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS Once you’ve typed the drive type number, press: <RETURN> and PROFILE will respond with: Was B: Apple Disk-][ Slow seek. and: Now B: RANA Elite One, Medium seek. or: Now B: RANA Elite Two, Fast seek. or: Now B: RANA Elite Three, Fast seek.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS little confusing since drive B:, when using SGLDRIVE, will actually he drive A: (the only drive you have). However, its actually not all that complicated. Whenever CP/M goes to talk to drive B:, it will think it is talking to a higher capacity Elite Drive.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS and of course, if you’re an Elite Three user, type: D:3<RETURN> PROFILE will then go through all the same steps it did when you redefined drive B:, except this time it will apply to drive D:.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS Once it’s loaded, it will respond with: APPLE ][ CP/M 16 Sector Disk Copy Utility Primary Copyright 1980 Microsoft Portions Copyright 1982 RANA Systems RANA Systems Version 1. 1 * Once again, the “*” signals that COPY is ready for a command.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS Since COPY knows nothing of this little diskette change that occurred, it will respond with: Insert SOURCE disk into drive A: Insert TARGET disk into drive B.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS COPY will then continue by writing the enhanced CP/M to the higher capacity diskette. Once COPY is finished, it will inform you of that fact by saying: COPY .
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS The enhanced CP/M master is already in the drive in response to COPY’s request for it, SO just hit: <ESC> CP/M will finally respond with its “A>.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS What you’ve told PROFILE so far is that you are interested in updating the CP/M system in drive B: “B:=”) (with the help of SGLDRIVE), and the change you wish to make is to drive A: (“A:). However, you’ve yet to specify the change to be made.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS Given that you entered the command correctly (of course you did!), insert your higher capacity diskette in the drive and press: <RETURN> Since PROFILE .
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS and PROFILE will continue with: Now A: RANA Elite One, Medium seek. or: Now A: RANA Elite Two, Fast seek. or: Now A: RANA Elite Three, Fast seek. and always: Ready to update B:. <RETURN> to continue/retry; <ESC> or <CTRL—C> to abort.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS Since the diskette is already inserted, press: <ESC> and PROFILE will continue by writing out the new configuration.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS Once you’re done reading, type: PIP B:=A: *.*[V]<RETURN> This command first tells PIP to copy all files on drive A: (“A:*.*”) to drive B: (“B:=”) and verify that they made it correctly (“[V]”).
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS Amidst all of these very abundant “mount” re- quests from SGLDRIVE, PiP will report the name of each file as it begins copying the file.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS For a Disk It drive, STAT will respond with the following: A: Drive Characteristics 1024: 128 Byte Record Capacity 128: Kilobyte Drive Capacity 48: 32 Byte D.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL CP/M ENHANCEMENTS Remember, when it comes to the new Rana version of the FORMAT and COPY utilities, the instruc- tions in this manual are intended to replace those instructions given in the very informative Microsoft CP/M manuals.
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ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL SPECIFICATIONS 6. SPECIFICATIONS 6.1. Introduction This section of the manual provides specifica- tions for the entire Elite Series of products. Most off the information is of a highly technical nature, so it may or may not he of interest to you.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL SPECIFICATIONS Capacity 163K Bytes Track to Track Access Tune 15ms Maximum Access Time 450ms Average Access Time 150ms Number of Heads 1 Number of Cylinders 40 Number of Track.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL SPECIFICATIONS Power Requirements +5 VDC Standby 35mA +5 VDC Active 50mA +12 VDC Standby 40mA +12 VDC Active 300mA +12 VDC Surge 450mA Operating Temp. 40F - 115F Non operating Temp. -40F - 160F Operating Humidity 20% - 80% (nancond.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL SPECIFICATIONS Capacity 326K Bytes Track to Track Access Time 5ms Maximum Access Time 210ms Average Access Time 84ms Number of Heads 2 Number of Cylinders 40 Number of Tracks .
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL SPECIFICATIONS Power Requirements +5 VDC Standby 35mA +5 VDC Active 50mA +12 VDC Standby 40mA +12 VDC Active 300mA +12 VDC Surge 450mA Operating Temp. 40F - 115F Nonoperating Temp. -40F - 160F Operating Humidity 2O% - 8O% (noncond.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL SPECIFICATIONS Capacity 652K Bytes Track to Track Access Time 5ms Maximum Access Time 420ms Average Access Time l50ms Number of Heads 2 Number of Cylinders 80 Number of Tracks.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL SPECIFICATIONS Power Requirements +5 VDC Standby 35mA +5 VDC Active 50mA +12 VDC Standby 40mA +12 VDC Active 300mA +12 VDC Surge 450mA Operating Temp. 40F— 115F Nonoperating Temp. -40F - 160F Operating Humidity 2O% - 8O% (noncond.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL SPECIFICATIONS Interfacing Capability 4 Drives PROM Sizes 6502 Boot Logic 2K Bytes State Machine 256/512 Bytes GCR Data Frequency 250 KHZ Weight 1 lb Reliability MTBF 35,000 Hours MTTR .25 Hours Design Life 10 Years Interface System Apple II Bus Drives Disk II Compatible Power Req.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL SPECIFICATIONS 6.2. Mechanical Dimensions The following two figures give the physical dimensions of the Elite Series drives and the Elite Controller.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL SPECIFICATIONS Fig. 6-8: Physical Dimensions of Elite Drives Page 6—10.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL SPECIFICATIONS Fig. 6-9: Elite Controller Physical Dimensions Page 6-11.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL SPECIFICATIONS 6.3 Controller to Drive Interface Pin Number Signal (originates) 1 Ground 2 + Stepper Motor Phase A (ctlr) 3 Ground 4 + Stepper Motor Phase B (ctlr) 5 Ground 6 .
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL SPECIFICATIONS The Elite drives/controller interface can be divided into two categories: 1.Signal. 2. Power. The following sections provide the electrical definition for each line. Refer to the preceding figure for all interface connections.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL SPECIFICATIONS 6.4.1. Control Signals AU control signals originate at the controller, and are of two types: those intended to be multiplexed in a multiple drive system, and one which will perform the multiplexing. Drive Select The input signal intended to do the multiplexing is the drive selection signal.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL SPECIFICATIONS When this signal is high, the drive motor and the busy light are turned off, the input control and the output status lines are disabled, and unused sections of the drive’s electronics (Elite series) are powered down.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL SPECIFICATIONS Although a newly selected drive will not return valid data until the motor comes up to speed, the software need not incorporate any timing delays before attempting a read provided the motor-on time is taken into account in any retry logic.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL SPECIFICATIONS completely disables the write logic and enables the read data logic and stepper logic. 6.4.2. Data Signals Read Data This interface line returns to the controller card the magnetic polarity of the section of the diskette (side) which is currently passing under the (selected) read/write head.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL SPECIFICATIONS ize the disk (side) with a particular polarity. A logical low level will cause the (selected) read/write head to magnetize the disk (side) using the opposite polarity. This line is only enabled when the Activate Writing signal is enabled.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL SPECIFICATIONS card. The two DC voltages, their specifica- tions and their interface pin designators are given in various tables earlier in this section.
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ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL THEORY OF OPERATION 7. OPERATIONAL THEORY OF ELITE PRODUCTS 7.1. Elite Drives 7.1.1.General Operation The Elite Series drives consist of read/write, control, and drive motor electronics; drive mechanism; read/write head; and an advanced track positioning mechanism.
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ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL THEORY OF OPERATION 7.1.2.Read/Write/Control Logic The electronics are packaged on one PCB which contains: 7. Read/write head positioning drivers. 2. Write current drivers. 3. Read amplifier and transition detectors. 4. Write protect detectors and latches a.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL THEORY OF OPERATION 7.1.4. Head Positioning Mechanisms An electrical stepping motor and an advanced head positioning mechanism position the read/- write head. Clockwise and counter-clockwise rotations of the stepper motor are translated into linear head movement via one off two mecha- nisms discussed below.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL THEORY OF OPERATION is highly unlikely as the system is pre—ten— sioned (reducing angular and linear inertia) to allow greatly improved track to track access times. Lead Screw Positioning In some Elite One designs, the stepper motor rotates a lead screw.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL THEORY OF OPERATION This precision registration insures perfect compliance with the read/write head. The disk- ette is loaded against the head when the drive door is closed.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL THEORY OF OPERATION 7.2. Elite Controller 7.2.1. Introduction The four disk drives allowed with each Elite Controller card are grouped into two pairs with drives 1 and 2 (Bank 0) selected when power is first applied. They may be addressed using the standard “Dl” and D2” used by most Apple software.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL THEORY OF OPERATION 7.2.2. Booting The Rana boot code automatically detects the format, whether 13 or 16 sector, and loads the initial boot sector (track 0, sector 0). On 13 sector booting, control is immediately transferred to the second stage boot code (loaded at $300—$3FF) via a jump to $301.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL THEORY OF OPERATION DOS 3.3 re-enters at $Cn5C using a 6502 JMP. When the PROM is finished, the second stage expects it to transfer control back, via a JMP, to $801.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL THEORY OF OPERATION which maps into $C800-$CEFF, is intended to be used at this location. The second section is mapped into the slot-dependent location in the Apple memory as illustrated in the table below.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL THEORY OF OPERATION code to map out all other controllers’ ROMs without affecting itself. This mapping of the 2K peripheral RCA space ($C800-$CFFF) is a convention maintained by nearly all of the hardware and software develop- ers.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL THEORY OF OPERATION 7.2.6. Addressable Latch The addressable latch is used to store the oper— ating mode of the controller including the se- lected disk drive, the phase of the stepper motor, the motor enable state, and the function currently being performed.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL THEORY OF OPERATION of the EPROM and the serial to parallel convert- er are controlled to insure that no contention ever occurs on the bus. 7.2.9. Controller Command Structure The Elite Controller Card responds to three types of commands.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL THEORY OF OPERATION Each block of sixteen addresses permits eight commands (on and off for each). These are: Command OFF ON Stepper Phase A $C0n0 $C0n1 B $C0n2 $C0n3 C $C0n4 $.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL THEORY OF OPERATION Function hits 0 and 1 determine the mode off the controller: Controller Mode Bit 1 Bit 0 Read From Disk 0 0 Sense Write Protect 0 1 Write To Disk 1 0 Load Data Byte (Write) 1 1 Fig.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL THEORY OF OPERATION The second type of command is the bank select command, characterized by a write by the Apple CPU to the address space occupied by the con- troller ‘S EPROM. The bank select commands are only enabled when the controller’s EPROM is switched into the peripheral expansion space.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL THEORY OF OPERATION 7.2.10. Power-On Reset Unlike early Apple II computers, a power-on reset circuit has been included to insure the controller assumes the correct quiescent mode when power is first applied. This is implement- ed with a timer circuit that pulls the reset line down in a “wire—or” fashion.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL THEORY OF OPERATION 7.2.12. Direct Use of Disk Drives It is often necessary to access the drives di- rectly from assembly language, without the use of DOS. This is done using a section of 16 addresses that are latched toggles, interfacing directly to the hardware.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL THEORY OF OPERATION ADDRESS LABEL DESCRIPTION $C0B0 PHSOOF Stepper Phase 0 Off $C081 PHSOON Stepper Phase 0 On $C082 PBSlOF Stepper Phase 1 Off $C083 PHS1ON Stepper Phase 1 On.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL THEORY OF OPERATION The following are typical examples of the use of device address assignments (slot #6 is assumed and the X-reg contains $60). Stepper Phase Off/On Each of the four phases (0-3) must be turned on and off again.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL THEORY OF OPERATION LDA #DSTTRK ASL A STA TEMP1 LDA #SRCTRK ASL A LOOP: CMP TEMP 1 BEQ DONE BCS MOVOUT ADC #1 BCC MOVE MOVOUT: SBC #1 MOVE: PHA AND #$03 ASL STA TEMP2 TXA ORA .
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL THEORY OF OPERATION Motor Off/On LDA $C088,X Turn Motor Off LDA $C089,X Turn Motor On NOTE: A delay should be provided to allow the motor to come up to speed. DOS will keep this delay to a minimum by watching the read latch until data starts to change.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL THEORY OF OPERATION Select Bank TXA Build $Cn00 address LSR to access controller LSR slot dependent PROM. LSR ORA #$CO STA ZPAGE+ 1 LDY #$OO STY ZPAGE LDA $CFFF Map out other .
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL THEORY OF OPERATION Sense Write Protect LDA $C08D,X LDA $C08E,X Sense write protect BMI ERROR PROTECTED High bit set, protected.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL THEORY OF OPERATION Because of hardware constraints, data bytes must be written in 32 processor (6502) cycle loops. The following example illustrates an immediate load of the accumulator followed by a write.
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ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL MAINTENANCE 8. USER LEVEL MAINTENANCE The Elite Controller card has no moving or elec- trically adjustable parts, so there is no regu- lar maintenance required. On the other hand, the Elite Series drives, like other disk drives, are very mechanical products and should have an annual “check-up”.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL MAINTENANCE As of yet, no cleaning diskette can be authorized for use on the Elite Two and Three drives. This is due to the difference in the structural design of the second read/write head on these drives from the structure of the primary head shared among all the Elite drives.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL MAINTENANCE dealer is authorized as a Rana service center. It’ your dealer is not an authorized Rana service center, then give Rana a call directly for information on the regional service depot nearest you. Correct maintenance insures greater data reliability and a longer drive life span.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL MAINTENANCE manufacturers: 1. Whenever handling diskettes do not touch the recording surface. Touch them only on the plas- tic jacket. 2. After you have finished using a diskette do replace it in its protective envelope immediate- ly.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL MAINTENANCE can easily attach itself to the diskette surface causing loss of data. 8. Always load the diskette gently into the disk drive so it doesn’t bend or center improperly. That causes the diskette to rotate eliptically, missing data.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL MAINTENANCE and how much protection you wish to give to the data on your diskettes. 8.3. Back—up Diskettes If you are ever in the position where you have information you can.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL MAINTENANCE is set for write protect, the diskette will be protected. A write protected diskette will always be treated as write protected. A write enabled diskette can be write protected without removing it from an Elite Series drive by pressing the special PROTECT switch on the front panel of the drive.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL MAINTENANCE UNPROTECTED WRITE PROTECTED Fig. 8-1: Write Protecting Diskettes Page 8—8 WRITE PROTECT NOTCH WRITE PROTECT TAB.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED DOS UTIL. 9. ENHANCED DOS UTILITIES This section deals with the use of each of the enhanced DOS 3.3 utilities individually, in order to provide you with the information you need to use the utilities for more than just enhancing your DOS.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED DOS UTIL. various Elite drives and the Disk II drive. In addition to full diskette copies, CLONE will copy just the (enhanced) DOS system from one diskette to another so that old diskettes can be updated; and new bootable Elite capacity disk- ettes can he created.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED DOS UTIL. 9. 1. FORMAT Utility The enhanced FORMAT utility is designed to re- place the INIT command which is part of the original DOS. The new utility is capable of formatting a diskette just like INIT did, but the new one can also format the higher capacity diskettes used by the Elite Series drives.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED DOS UTIL. FORMAT assume that it was run from an enhanced DOS master diskette, and therefore assumes it can read a copy of the operating system off the same diskette. If FORMAT was not run from an enhanced system master, you will need to insert a system master into the indicated drive before pressing <RETURN>.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED DOS UTIL. which you either answered wrong or for which you have changed your mind, simply press <ESC> for each question you need to “back up” past. You don‘t need to type <ESC> once you reach the input you wish to change, simply type the new response.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED DOS UTIL. you ran FORMAT. Instead it will be the “others drive depending upon the drive from which FORMAT was ran. For instance, if FORMAT was run from drive 1, <d> would be 2. If FORMAT was run from drive 2, <d> would be 1.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED DOS UTIL. completely independent of how the drive is de- fined (see PROFILE) under the enhanced DOS, however it is not completely independent of the actual drive being used to do the formatting.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED DOS UTIL. The Elite Three is capable of performing any of the format types, but the resulting diskette is not interchangeable with a non-Elite Three drive. For instance, an Elite Two diskette formatted using an Elite Three cannot be used by an Elite Two drive.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED DOS UTIL. After you’ve specified the format type, you will be asked: VOLUME NUMBER (1-254)? 254 On this question, the default is always 254, which is the standard default used by the original INIT command. If you wish a different volume number, just type it in followed by <RETURN>.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED DOS UTIL. Unlike the INIT command, FORMAT will not save the hello file onto the diskette once the diskette is formatted.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED DOS UTIL. You can either type one of the menu item letters without following it with <RETURN> if you don’t want the default (A), or you can simply press (RETURN> to accept the default.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED DOS UTIL. DISKETTE CONTAINS DATA. INITIALIZE ANYWAYS (Y/N)? If it is okay to format the diskette, simply type <Y> without any <RETURN>. If you didn’t expect the diskette to be already formatted, type <N> and FORMAT will not format the diskette.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED DOS UTIL. 9.2. CLONE Utility The CLONE utility is very similar to the COPY and COPYA utility supplied by Apple on their Apple DOS 3.3 Master Diskette. In fact, CLONE is the enhanced DOS ‘s replacement for the two Apple utilities.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED DOS UTIL. Since CLONE will also copy an entire diskette (just like COPY and COPYA), the first question it will as is which type of copy you wish CLONE to perform (as shown above). The default is “whole diskette” copy, which means you can simply press (RETURN> to specify that copy type.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED DOS UTIL. DRIVE NUMBER (1-4)? <Sd> where <Sd> is the drive number from which you ran CLONE. The also refers to the drive in which you will he inserting the source diskette. You can simply press <RETURN> if <sd> is correct.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED DOS UTIL. the capacity for which the drive is defined. Given that restriction, CLONE will treat either diskette the way you specify in response to this question (for the source) and a later question (for the destination).
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED DOS UTIL. Elite Three is used in the copy process when not performing a straight Elite Three to Elite Three copy. It is possible to use the Elite Three as the source drive for all types of diskette copies.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED DOS UTIL. destination drive, simply press the correct number. CLONE will allow you to specify the same drive as both the source and destination drive. In this case, CLONE will give you a change to change diskettes during the copying process.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED DOS UTIL. than the source diskette type. Also, since CLONE will not restructure the diskette’s directory or associated information when copying from a lesser capaci.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED DOS UTIL. diskette data into a structure which is compatible with the Elite Three, hut which will not have the full storage capacity of the Elite Three. Then FIDR can be used to copy the individual files from the restructured diskette onto a full capacity Elite Three diskette.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED DOS UTIL. TERMINATE THIS UTILITY. After you allow CLONE to proceed (whole diskette or DOS only), it will read as much information from the source diskette as it can fit into memory, and then write the information to the destination diskette.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED DOS UTIL. the “insert source/both diskettes” prompt. You can change the copy type (whole or DOS only), the drives, and/or the diskette types, before making another copy by pressing <ESC> for the “insert diskettes” prompt.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED DOS UTIL. configuration table on the source diskette must be set (using PROFILE) correctly for the boot slot and drive prior to copying the DOS to the destination diskette.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED DOS UTIL. 9.3. PROFILE utility The PROFILE utility is the heart of the enhanced DOS system. It is this utility which allows you to tell DOS where various drive models.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED DOS UTIL. the DOS to be modified led is located. If you type <ESC>, PROFILE will return you to BASIC. PROFILE is very dependent upon how you have your drives defined under the currently in use DOS.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED DOS UTIL. After you have entered the two numbers, PROFILE will prompt you with: INSERT AN ENHANCED DOS 3.3 SYSTEM MASTER DISKETTE INTO SLOT #<s>, DRIVE #<d>. PRESS <RETURN> WREN READY TO READ DOS IMAGE INTO MEMORY.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED DOS UTIL. immediately after the first five characters as follows: S = Slow (Disk II standard) M = Medium (Elite One standard) F = Fast (Elite Two and Three standard) This displayed table shows how each drive position which is possible on the Apple II is currently defined.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED DOS UTIL. If you select any of the first three items, PROFILE will ask you the slot and drive number questions which it asked you when you first ran PROFILE. However, the drive PROFILE is asking for varies with the menu item you selected.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED DOS UTIL. After specifying the drive to be redefined under item 2, PROFILE will ask: ENTER DRIVE TYPE (0-3) 0) APPLE DISK-II ( 35 TRACKS) 1) RANA ELITE ONE ( 40 TRACK.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED DOS UTIL. screen, and then return to the main menu. The change which was made still needs to he saved to a diskette, otherwise the redefined system cannot be booted. Main menu item 3 (save DOS image) is used to save the redefined DOS.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED DOS UTIL. 9.4. ENHANCE Utility The ENHANCE utility is intended as a one—time- only utility. Once you’ve performed the DOS enhancements outlined earlier in this manual, ENHANCE is no longer needed. The FORMAT and CLONE utilities are used to make new enhanced DOS system master diskettes.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED DOS UTIL. 9.5. FID ENHANCE Utility The FID ENHANCE utility does for Apple’s FID utility what ENHANCE did for Apple’s DOS.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED DOS UTIL. Since “dumb’ FID will work with Disk II and Elite One diskettes correctly, you need to create a Disk II or Elite One diskette containing FID on it. The run FID and specify menu item 1 (copy files) in order to copy FID ENHANCE onto the same diskette as "dumb" FID.
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ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED CP/M UTIL. 10. ENHANCED CP/M UTILITIES This section deals with the use of each of the new CP/M utilities individually, in order to provide you with the information you need in order to use the utilities for more than just enhancing your CP/M.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED CP/M UTIL. drives and the Disk II drive. PROFILE gives you the flexibility to redefine the arrangement of the drives on your system to suit your needs. Since CP/M needs to know what type of drive you have where, PROFILE is used to tell CP/M of any rearranging (temporary or per- manent) you wish to do.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED CP/M UTIL. 10.1. Notation Since almost all of the various different com- mands which you can give to the enhanced CP/M utilities contain choices and options, it is necessary to define a syntax notation.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED CP/M UTIL. ! The exclamation point is used to sep- arate the different choices enclosed in braces. ... Ellipses are used to indicate that you may repeat the entry as many times as you need or desire. CAPS Capital letters are used for those portions of the command which you must type exactly as show.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED CP/M UTIL. 10.2. FORMAT Utility The enhanced FORMAT utility is designed to re- place the original FORMAT utility supplied by Microsoft. The new utility is capable of for- matting a diskette just like the old one did, but the new one can also format the higher capacity diskettes used by the Elite Series drives.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED CP/M UTIL. This is all very similar to the way the original (old) FORMAT signed-on. In fact the first part of the answer to FORMAT’s “which drive?” ques- tion is just like the response you would give to the original FORMAT, but there is more which has been added to the command.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED CP/M UTIL. The following table shows which drive models can and can not be used to format the various different types of diskettes: Diskette Type Drive Model Can/Can.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED CP/M UTIL. Since the Elite Three achieves its 652K of stor- age by writing half width tracks in half track increments, the tracks (and any other data at other times) which the Elite Three writes while formatting a diskette are too small for the lower capacity drives to read.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED CP/M UTIL. fined under CP/M and what type of already for- matted diskette you have in the drive. Normally FORMAT will detect an already formatted 16-sector diskette (including DOS 3.3 and Apple Pascal diskettes), but given certain circum- stances it may not.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED CP/M UTIL. FORMAT Complete Format disk in which drive? You are free to issue another command to do another format at this point. when you have no more formatting to do, make sure your CP/M sys- tem diskette is back in drive A: and then just answer the question with <RETURN>.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED CP/M UTIL. 10.3. COPY Utility The copy utility provides a means for you to make backup copies of your diskettes. The en- hancements made to the new COPY utility are primarily just in the area of support for the higher capacity Elite Series drives.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED CP/M UTIL. COPY signs-on by saying: APPLE II CP/M 16 Sector Disk Copy Utility Primary Copyright 1980 Microsoft Portions Copyright 1982 RANA Systems RANA Systems Version 1.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED CP/M UTIL. drive letter in which you plan on placing the already formatted diskette which is to receive the information from the original diskette.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED CP/M UTIL. Source Diskette is Disk II Format Source Drive Target Drive Target Disk Disk II Disk II Disk II Disk II Elite One Disk II Disk II Elite Two Disk II Disk II.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED CP/M UTIL. Source Diskette is Elite One Format Source Drive Target Drive Target Disk Disk II Disk II Impossible Disk II Elite One Impossible Disk II Elite Two Impossi.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED CP/M UTIL. Source Diskette is Elite Two Format Source Drive Target Drive Target Disk Disk II Disk II Impossible Disk II Elite One Impossible Disk II Elite Two Impossi.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED CP/M UTIL. Source Diskette is Elite Three Format Source Drive Target Drive Target Disk Disk II Disk II Impossible Disk II Elite One Impossible Disk II Elite Two Impos.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED CP/M UTIL. The explanations for the “explained”s in the tables are as follows: (1) The target diskette will contain a backup of the source diskette, however the target diskette cannot be read by any other drive but an Elite Three.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED CP/M UTIL. backup an Elite Two diskette? First glance at the tables might indicate that such a conflict occurs, but not really. In such a case you would simply specify a single drive copy to the COPY utility by specify both the source and target drives as being your Elite Two.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED CP/M UTIL. target diskette in the preceding tables, with the exception of the special Elite Three condi- tions. In the Elite Three ”explained” case (1), the target diskette must be formatted in an Elite Three format.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED CP/M UTIL. concerning “bootability” of system copies. After you’ve plowed through all of the above confusion, and finally decide you’ve chosen the right comma.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED CP/M UTIL. Once the copying is finished (single or two— drive), COPY will say: COPY Complete Do you wish to make another copy? If you answer <N><RETURN> to this question, COPY will terminate.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED CP/M UTIL. Special Note : The only diskette restructuring COPY will perform is during a system-only copy. There is no way to convince COPY to restructure and Elite One diskette (for instance) into an Elite Two diskette.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED CP/M UTIL. 10.4.PROFILE Utility The PROFILE utility is the heart of the enhanced CP/M system. It is this utility which allows you to tell CP/M where various drive mod.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED CP/M UTIL. The “*” is the standard CP/M utility prompt to indicate that the utility is waiting for a com— mand. The valid command syntax for PROFILE is: [<u>:=]§<d>:<t>[<s>][,<d>:<t>[<s>].
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED CP/M UTIL. copy of CP/M only, and no change to disk copies will be made. This in-memory change would be temporary, and would no longer exist once the system was fully rebooted.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED CP/M UTIL. The “B” section is either a “+“ or a space. If a “+” is printed, that means that your system does not currently have a controller card in it which will allow talking to that drive.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED CP/M UTIL. When a drive’s setting is changed, PROFILE will print the message line for the drive twice, preceeded by “Was” for the old setting of the drive, and “Now” for the new setting of the drive: Was B:+Elite Three, Fast Seek.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED CP/M UTIL. was actually an Elite Two (which can seek fast) which is to be restricted to acting like an Elite One. The second change is to make drive A: act like a Disk II, but seek at the “fast” rate (,A:0F). Once again, this would have to he an Elite Two pretending to be a Disk II.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED CP/M UTIL. diskette (by COPY), it was structured to boot for a particular type of drive. The setting for drive A: within that on-disk operating system must match the boot structure, or the boot will fail.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED CP/M UTIL. This can be a problem to be kept track of, but also an advantage. It will allow you to temp- orarily change the setting of a drive which is capable off handling a particular diskette‘s format so that the diskette can be modified.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED CP/M UTIL. Whenever you either display the current settings within an on-disk CP/M system copy (<u>:=*), or make a change to a setting (<u>:=<d>:<t>[<s>]), PROFILE will first respond with: Insert a system disk in <u>:.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED CP/M UTIL. you no longer wish the diskette to he updated, type <ESC> and PROFILE will leave the diskette alone. If you request PROFILE to do anything with the in-memory CP/M, PROFILE will not need to ask you to insert any diskettes.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED CP/M UTIL. 10.5. SGLDRIVE Utility The SGLDRIVE utility is designed specifically for CP/M users with only one drive. If you are not such a user, the description of this utility will not be of much use to you. If you are a single drive user, this utility can prove to be invaluable.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED CP/M UTIL. tween two different diskettes. SGLDRIVE solves this not so little problem by doing a little lieing to CP/M itself. To get SGLDRIVE started, type: <d>:SGLDRIVE where <d> is the drive in which the diskette containing SGLDRIVE is inserted.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED CP/M UTIL. Mount B:, Press <ESC> This gives you a chance to remove the diskette from your drive and insert whichever diskette you want to pretend is in drive B:.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED CP/M UTIL. In order to convince PIP to copy a file from one diskette to another diskette using just one drive, you would tell PIP to copy the file from drive A:/B: to drive B:/A: (the other drive).
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL ENHANCED CP/M UTIL. 10.6. ENHANCE Utility The ENHANCE utility is intended as a one-time- only utility. Once you’ve performed the CP/M enhancements outlined earlier in this manual, ENHANCE is no longer needed. The COPY utility is used to make new enhanced CP/M diskettes.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL SECTION 11 11. SECTION 11 This section has been intentionally omitted. Page 11—1.
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ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. A - DISK I/O ACKNOWLEDGMENT Rana Systems gratefully acknowledges the help given by Quality Software in the compilation of the following appendix. We have borrowed some material from a section of their highly informative book “Beneath Apple DOS” by Don D.
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ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. A - DISK I/O APPENDIX A A. DISKETTE DATA RECORDING A. 1. Introduction This appendix is designed to show in detail how information is structured on a diskette, begin- ning with a brief introduction to the hardware involved.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. A - DISK I/O the diskette, these drives can actually access two tracks without having to move the read/write heads (which always move together) to another pair of tracks. Each “pair of tracks” at which the read/write head can stop (and successfully read and write data) is called a cylinder.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. A - DISK I/O The disk ann can physically position itself over 80 “phases”. To move an Elite One or Two past one track (cylinder) to the next, two phases of the stepper motor, which moves the arm, must be cycled.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. A - DISK I/O The following tables give an illustration of the amount of data stored on a diskette under an Enhanced DOS 3.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. A - DISK I/O ELITE TWO DISK ORGANIZATION Cylinders per Diskette : 40 Tracks per Cylinder : 2 Tracks per Diskette : 80 Sectors per Track : 16 16 Sectors per Cylinder : 3.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. A - DISK I/O ELITE THREE DISK ORGANIZATION Cylinders per Diskette : 80 Tracks per Cylinder : 2 Tracks per Diskette : 160 Sectors per Track : 16 Sectors per Cylinder : 3.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. A - DISK I/O A. 3. Track Formatting Data is recorded on the diskette uses a “group coded recording” technique (GCR) which requires that a bit with a value of 1 he recorded onto the diskette within a given maximum period of time.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. A - DISK I/O edge of the next we will define as a “bit cell”. A byte would comprise eight consecutive bit cells, the most significant of which is normally referred to as cell 7 (with the least signifi— cant being cell 0).
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. A - DISK I/O Fig. A-I: FM Recording Pattern Page A-11.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. A - DISK I/O Fig. A-2: FM Bit Cell Page A-12.
Fig. A-3: FM Byte Recording Page A-13 ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. A - DISK I/O DATA BITS CLOCK BITS.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. A - DISK I/O CONTROLLER SHIFT REGISTER DATA ON DISK Fig. A-4: Reading Data Page A-14.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. A - DISK I/O The following figure shows how writing data can be illustrated in the same way. The clock bits that were separated from the data must be inter- leaved with the data as it is written. Notice that, while in write mode, 0’s (zeros) are being brought into the data latch to replace data being written.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. A - DISK I/O Fig. A-5: Writing Data Page A-16 CONTROLLER SHIFT REGISTER DATA ON DISK.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. A - DISK I/O A.4. Fields The two types of fields on a diskette are the Address and the Data fields which both contain a prologue, data area, checksum, and epilogue. Each field on a track is separated from adjacent fields by a number of bytes, called “gaps”.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. A - DISK I/O Fig. A-6: Track Fomatting Page A—18.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. A - DISK I/O Normal Byte Hex FF Self-Sync Byte Hex FT 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 Fig. A-7: Self-Sync Byte Five self-sync bytes are sufficient to show that the hardware is reading valid data because the hardware requires the first bit of a byte to be a 1 (an Apple-GCR restriction).
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. A - DISK I/O A minimum of five self-sync bytes must be main- tained for each gap type, resulting in reason- ably uniform gap sizes within each track. A.5.1.Gap 1 This is the first data written to a track during initialization.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. A - DISK I/O When a data field is written there is na guaran- tee that the write will occur in the same spot each time because the drive which is rewriting the data field may not be the one which actually INITed, or originally wrote it.
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 .
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. A - DISK I/O Probably, at least one sync byte will be des- troyed when writing a Data field because, just as in reading bits on a track, the write may not begin on a byte boundary, thus altering an ex- isting byte. See first figure below.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. A - DISK I/O Fig. A-9: Unsyncronized Write Page A-24 initially write begins here After Writing.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. A - DISK I/O Fig. A-10: Data Field Shifting Page A-25 OLD DATA FIELD ADDRESS INFORMATION GAP 3 GAP 2 NEW DATA FIELD.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. A - DISK I/O D5 AA 96 XX YY XX YY XX YY XX YY DE AA EB Prologue Volume Track Sector Checksum Epilpgue 4-plus-4 ENCODED DATA BYTE- D D D D D D D D 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 XX- 1 D 1 D 1 D 1 D 7 5 3 1 YY- 1 D 1 D 1 D 1 D 6 4 2 0 Fig.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. A - DISK I/O The prologue comprises three bytes which form an unique sequence found in no other component of the track, enabling DOS to locate an address field almost without chance of an error. The three bytes are $D5, $AA, and $96.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. A - DISK I/O D5 AA AD 342 BYTES DATA xx DE AA EB Prologue Data(16 Sector) Checksum Epilougue Fig. A-12: Data Field Page A—28.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. A - DISK I/O The prologue differs in the third byte. The bytes are $D5, $AA and $AD also forming an unique sequence which enables DOS to locate the start of the sector’s data, which consists of 342 (GCR) encoded bytes, and is followed by a checksum byte used to verify the integrity of the field just read.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. A - DISK I/O “disk” bytes to store a 256 byte sector permit- ting a full 13 sectors per track. 3. A hardware modification (the P6 PROM on Apple’s Disk II controller card) allowed the development of 16 sectors per track, providing a 23% increase in storage over the 13 sector for- mat.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. A - DISK I/O ON DISK IN MEMORY 1 D 1 D 1 D 1 D 7 5 3 1 D D D D D D D D 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 D 1 D 1 D 1 D 6 4 2 0 Fig. A-13: 4-plus-4 Encoding Page A-31.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. A - DISK I/O D 1 D 1 D 1 D 1 SHIFT LEFT 7 5 3 1 1 D 1 D 1 D 1 D 6 4 2 0 D D D D D D D D 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Fig. A-14: 4—plus-4 Decoding Page A-32.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. A - DISK I/O A byte would have the form OOOXXXXX where X is a valid data bit. This byte could range in value from $00 to $1F, a total of 32 different values. There are 34 valId “disk” bytes, ranging from $AA to $FF, which meet the two requirements (high bit set, no consecutive zero bits).
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. A - DISK I/O Fig. A-15: 5-plus-3 Encodng Page A-34 A A A A A A A A B B B B B B B B C C C C C C C C D D D D D D D D E E E E E E E E 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 7 6 5.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. A - DISK I/O A total of 410 bytes is necessary to store the original 256. This is calculated by finding the total bits of data (256 x 8 = 2048) and dividing by the number of bits per byte (2048 / 5 = 409.6) with two bits being unused.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. A - DISK I/O The data field has a checksum, similar to that in the address field, to verify data. It also involves exclusive-ORing data in pairs before it is transformed by the look-up table above, best illustrated by the figures below.
MEMORY NYBBLES 0 955 955 954 954 953 901 900 900 800 800 801 801 802 8FD 8FE 8FE 8FF (checksum) 8FF Byte 00 Byte 01 Byte 02 Byte 85 Byte 86 Byte 87 Byte 88 Byte 340 Byte 341 Byte 342 ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. A - DISK I/O EFFECTIVE MEMORY DISK DATA ACTION NYBBLES BYTE 00 -> -> EOR 0 -> $855 BYTE O1 -> -> EOR $855 -> $854 BYTE 02 -> -> EOR $854 -> $.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. A - DISK I/O Fig. A-19: 6-plus—2 Encoding Page A-39 800 900 956.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. A - DISK I/O A total of 342 bytes are needed, shown by find- ing the total number of bits (256 x 8 = 2048) and dividing by the number of bits per byte (2048 / 6 = 341.33). The transformation from the six bit bytes to valid data bytes is also performed by a one to one mapping, illustrated in the figure below.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. A - DISK I/O A. 7. Sector Interleaving This process involves staggering sectors on a track to improve access times. There is usually a delay between reading or writing one sector and reading or writing the next sector. This delay usually depends on the user’s program and can vary greatly.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. A - DISK I/O For example, if the sector number found on a disk were a 2, this is used as an offset into a table where the number $0B is found. Thus DOS treats the physical sector 2 as sector 11 ($0B), presenting no problem If RWTS is used for disk access.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. A - DISK I/O Disk DOS CP/M Pas. Disk DOS CP/M Pas. 00 00 00 00 16 16 16 16 01 13 03 02 17 29 29 18 02 11 06 04 18 27 22 20 03 09 09 06 19 25 25 22 04 07 12 08 20 23 28 .
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ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. B - DOS NOTES B. DOS TECHNICAL NOTES This section reveals the extensions and altera- tions made to certain DOS calls. If you are not a machine/assembly language programmer, this section will probably make little sense to you.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. B - DOS NOTES B.1. Command Interpreter Alterations There are only two changes made to the command interpreter from the user’s or program’s point of view. The first is to allow the specifica- tion of a “,D3” or “,D4” parameter on commands.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. B - DOS NOTES under the name specified on the “INIT” command. B. 2. File Manager Alterations The only alteration from a program interface standpoint to the File Manager was to shut down the disk initialization function call.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. B - DOS NOTES the desired track and nothing else.) When a “no Operation” call is made to the enhanced RWTS, and the sector number in the RWTS parameter list is set to $FF, a “formatting error” ($08) will be returned and the carry flag set.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. B - DOS NOTES The high four bits (7-4) of each entry are the drive type code, the next three bits (3-1) are the seek rate code, and the low bit (0) is the single phase per cylinder flag.
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ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. C - CP/M NOTES C. CP/M TECHNICAL NOTES This section reveals the extensions made to certain CP/M Z80 BIOS calls and 6502 RWTS calls. If you are not a machine/assembly language pro- grammer, this section will probably make little sense to you.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. C - CP/M NOTES C.1. Z8O BIOS Call Extensions The only BIOS call which has had extensions made to it is the SELDSK vector (BOOT+1BH). Digital Research defines that, prior to calling, the [C] register is to be loaded with the drive number (0-15=A:-P:) which is to be used for any further disk I/O calls.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. C - CP/M NOTES The [IX] register will return pointing to the slot number times 16 for the controller to which drive [C] is attached. The drive number of drive [C] on that controller card will be at [IX]+16. These values are within a drive mapping table described below.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. C - CP/M NOTES possible. Replacing the simple math is a drive mapping table which is dynamically filled-in during the boot process with the physical slot and drive numbers for each of the 16 possible CP/M logical drives.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. C - CP/M NOTES C.3. Seek Configuration Table The seek table is what informs the 6502 RWTS disk drivers of the head movement character- istics of each drive. The table contains 16 entries, one for each CP/M logical drive.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. C - CP/M NOTES C.4. 6502 RWTS Alterations The calling protocol is unchanged for the 6502 RWTS disk drivers. The only difference is that sector numbers from 16—31 will result in the enhanced RWTS trying to access the second head on the drive, which would only be effective for the Elite Two and Elite Three.
ELITE SERIES USER MANUAL APPEN. D D. APPENDIX D This appendix section has been intentionally omitted. Page D-1.
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