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35040 Therapy Dosimeter Operators Manual February 2005 Manual No. 37870 Rev. 10 © 2004, 2005 Fluke Corporat i on, All rights reserved . Printed in U .
Fluke Biomedical Radiation Management Services 6045 Cochran Road Cleveland, Ohio 44139 440.498.2564 120 Andrews Road Hicksville, New York 1180 1 516.870.
i Table of Contents Section 1: General Info rmation ................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 Introduction ..............................................................................................
ii 3.9.12 Using the Reset/Measu re Button .................................................................................. 3-17 3.9.13 Overrange Condition s.............................................................................................
iii Appendix B: Addendum Features of Firmware Ve rsion “27JAN00” or Later ............. B-1 B.4.5 Reset Error (with Automati c Leakage Compensation Enabled) ......... ............................. B-8 B.4.6 Annuciators, Indicators, and Overrange Co nditions .
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General Information Introduction 1 1-1 Section 1 General Information 1.1 Introduction The Model 35040 Therapy Dosimeter is designe d for calibration dosimetry of the rapeutic radiation treatment machines includi ng high-energy accelerators, 60 Co, and brach ytherapy equipment.
35040 Operators Manual 1-2 WARNING • The ion chamber bias voltage may be set to one of 11 user-customized settings. The display indicates the polarity of the central electrode an d the actual measured output voltage generated by the ion chamber bias supply.
General Information Safety Symbols and Terms 1 1-3 CAUTION The heading used in this manual expl ains hazards that could dam age the instrument. Such damage may invali date the warra nty. 1.5 Manual Addenda Any improvements or ch anges concerning the inst ru ment or man ual will be explained in an addendu m included with the manual.
35040 Operators Manual 1-4 Measurement Accuracy: Cha rge measurement accura cy is warranted to be better than ± (0.20%rd g + 2 counts) over the operating temperature range of 18 °C to 28°C for 1 year. Field Calibration: Field cali brations may be perform ed via a restricted distribution MS-DOS Calibration program.
General Information Specifications 1 1-5 1.0000 μ A 0.0001 μ A Measurement Method: Average current measurement is derived by monitoring t he charge integrated over the time interval beginning 1.33 second s after the detection of the start of the exposure, an d ending 1.
35040 Operators Manual 1-6 0.10% 0.10%] 5 Period [ Error Charge Observed + × ≤ and 0.15% 0.10%] 5 Period [ Error Current Observed + × ≤ where “Period” is the time interval in ye ars between calibrations. Gain Temperature Stability: The maximum temperature effect is less than ± 0.
General Information Specifications 1 1-7 command, or exposure detection ). The automatic po wer down feature applies o nly when the instrument is operating from battery power. In addition, all fr ont panel settings are saved a s part of the automatic power down sequence.
35040 Operators Manual 1-8 - CD, 35040 Standard Customization (37870CD) - 9-pin connect or adaptor (37616) - 7 foot RJ-45 Cable (105-260).
Theory of Operation Introduction 2 2-1 Section 2 Theory of Operation 2.1 Introduction The Model 35040 Therapy Dosimeter is a radiati on measurement instrument intended for u se in calibration procedures for hig h-energy ac celerators , 60 Co, and brachytherapy.
35040 Operators Manual 2-2 2.2.1 Power Supply During operation, the instrument ma y be powered by line voltage in the range of 100 to 240 VAC or from the internal 6 volt sealed lead acid battery for up to 8 hours.
Theory of Operation Functional Description 2 2-3 2.2.5 Electrometer The electrometer is a singl e range, resettable, integr ating amplifier. The high speed solid state reset is activated either by the operato r pressing the RESET/MEASURE button or automatically when the instrument detects the end of an exposure.
35040 Operators Manual 2-4 Table 2-1. Description of Quantities Quantity Description Units Comments ADCF Air Density Correction Factor None Calculated by instrument and dep ends on front panel Temperature and Pressure settings.
Theory of Operation Basic Operating Equatio ns 2 2-5 Charge and Current Measurements The instrument’s electrom eter char ge and current measurements are fa ct ory calibrated to a United States National Institute for Standards and Technology (NIST) traceable standa rd.
35040 Operators Manual 2-6 Figure 2-2. Leakage Cu rrent and Start of Exposure When automatic exposure detection is disabled (sta rt and stop threshold set to 0.
Theory of Operation Basic Operating Equatio ns 2 2-7 Q 1 represents the next sample of charg e at time T 1 following the activation of the timer. Q 2 corresponds to the interpolated charge at time T 2 , where T 2 is an integral num ber of seconds that is restricte d to times within the range: T 1 < T 2 ≤ ( T 1 + Timer Interval Setting ).
35040 Operators Manual 2-8 or dielectric absorptio n. The start and stop thresh olds are set independently, but the stop threshold must be less than the start threshold.
Theory of Operation Basic Operating Equatio ns 2 2-9 Figure 2-3. Average Current and Exposu re Time 2.3.3 Air Density Correction Factor The air density correction factor is used to corr ect dose and dose rate measurements for a vented ion chamber.
35040 Operators Manual 2-10 Table 2-2. Air Density Adjustme nt Ranges and Resolutions Units Display Minimum Maximum Standard Resolution % Error * inches of mercury inHg 20.55 31.30 29.90 0.05 0.12 millimeters of mercur y mmHg 522 795 760 1.0 0.10 altitude in feet ft -1200 10,000 0 25 0.
Operation Setup 3 3-1 Section 3 Operation 3.1 Setup Introduction This section contains set-u p and connection proc edures for the Model 35040 Th erapy Dosimeter. The instrument is factory calibrated to measure charg e (Coulombs) and curr ent (Amperes).
35040 Operators Manual 3-2 3.3 Rear Panel Familiarization Figure 3-2. The Model 35040 Ther apy Dosimeter Rear Panel RS-232 Receptacle (RJ-45 Style): Th e RS-232 Computer Interface is used for computer controll ed factory test, for calibration, for customizat ion, and for remote control/data acquisition.
Operation Powering the System 3 3-3 The Model 35040 Therapy Dosimeter operates on batter y power for eight hours after a full charge. The dosimeter can be re charged quickly, usually in two to three hours, eve n during instrument operation. A low battery annunciator is displayed when 30 minutes or less of operation remains.
35040 Operators Manual 3-4 Mating and unmating to this connector (or to the other end of a cable already con nected to it) should be done only when the bias is set to 0 volts, or when the instrument power is turned off.
Operation Basic Measurement Technique s 3 3-5 Procedure: • The annunciator line on the Measurement screen di splays "WAIT System Not RDY" while the instrument is acquiring the minimum n umber of sa mples required for leakage co mpensation.
35040 Operators Manual 3-6 Use the predicted timed charge or dose measurement to diagnose a problem at the onset of a timed measurement for sources that deliver at a constant exposure rate.
Operation Battery Care 3 3-7 instrument will not be available for use. Dep ending upon the le vel of discharge, this period of unavailability may be on the order of days, and in extr eme cases the battery will be permanently damaged.
35040 Operators Manual 3-8 and bias voltages, automatic leakage compensation settings, and timer settings. • When the Test Function screen is displayed, pr es sing the TEST FUNCTION button displays .
Operation Operation Instructions 3 3-9 When attempting to turn the instrument on, firmly press the POWER button and hold for approximately one second. Always allow several seconds between retries. During this self-test period, the Model 3 5040 Therapy Dosimeter displays a sequ ence of screens.
35040 Operators Manual 3-10 Figure 3-8 shows the ion chamber bias voltage (IC Bias), the sy stem leakage cu rrent (Leakage), and the battery voltage and current. The bias voltage sh own is 300.0 volts. The central electrode is positive (CEP). The leakage current is 0.
Operation Operation Instructions 3 3-11 Figure 3-11. The Test Function Screen Showing the Automatic Leakage Compensation Settings Figure 3-12 displays the settings for the timer interval , count mode, and decimal places. Refer to Section 3.9.6 for details.
35040 Operators Manual 3-12 With the automatic leakage compen sation settings di splayed (Figu re 3-14), press the TEST FUNCTION button. The " f " cursor will appear to the left of the AL C annunciat or. Use the UP and DOWN arrow buttons to toggle the setting between on (ALC) and of f (OFF).
Operation Operation Instructions 3 3-13 3.9.6 Timer Setup The Test Function screen provides for configuring th e timer interval, count mode, and decimal places (see Figure 3-17). With the timer settings displayed, pre ss the TEST FUNCTION button. The " f " cursor will appear to the left of the timer interval setting.
35040 Operators Manual 3-14 3.9.8 Using the DETECTOR SELECT Button Pressing the DETECTOR SELECT button displays th e De tector Select screen, see Figure 3-18. This screen displays informatio n about the selected ion chambe r calibration factor. An ion chamber consist s of two text lines and an ion chamber cali bration factor (I CCF) with units.
Operation Operation Instructions 3 3-15 Figure 3-20. The Air Density Screen With Air Density Corrections Disabled Air density correction is onl y applied to dose or dose rate measurements such as, Roentgens, rads, Grays, Sieverts, etc. These measures are de pendent on correctly compen sating for the mass of air in the ion chamber.
35040 Operators Manual 3-16 Figure 3-23. The Bias Select Screen With the Bias Set to a Positive Voltage Figure 3-24. The Bias Select Screen With the Bias Turned Off Figure 3-25. The Bias Select Screen With the Bias Set to a Negative Voltage In the example of Figures 3-23 to 3-25, the maximu m voltag e setting is 300.
Operation Operation Instructions 3 3-17 3.9.12 Using the RESET/MEASURE Button The RESET/MEASURE button has dual functionality. If no Measurement screen is displayed, pressing the RESET / MEASURE button displays one.
35040 Operators Manual 3-18 Figure 3-28. The Measurement Screen With the Charge and Current Limits Exceed ed After the First 60 Seconds Figure 3-29. The Measurement Overrange Screen Table 3-1 specifies the conditions that cause the Model 3504 0 Therapy Dosimeter to display the overrange indicator for a m easurement.
Operation Operation Instructions 3 3-19 A reset error will not occur for ion chambers calibrated in dose rate units (i.e. Brac hytherapy chambers) since the measurement is prima rily concerned with am ps or dose rate.
35040 Operators Manual 3-20 Figure 3-32. Annunciator positions Table 3-2 lists the indicators the in strument uses to signal that a measur ement quantity ha s not been compensated for leakage o r is not available due to the specified condition. Table 3-2.
Operation Customization 3 3-21 3.10 Customization 3.10.1 Introduction The Model 35040 Therapy Dosimeter is shipped with valid settings allowing you to make measurem ents immediately.
35040 Operators Manual 3-22 35040 Customization Softwa re, verify that COM PO RT indicator is green, and click on the UPLOAD button. We recommend that you print a copy of the customi z ation report (Print) as your first step in the customization process.
Operation Customization 3 3-23 CONNECT Select CONNECT to force an initialization the computer ’s se rial port for use with the 35040 Customi zation Software. Normally initialization is done automati cally at the start of the 35040 Customization Software or by selecting the serial port from the Com Port drop down list.
35040 Operators Manual 3-24 Figure 3-34. The Ion Chambers Form EDIT To modify existing ion chamber parame ters, click twice with the mouse on a title within the Ion Chamb er List Box. A form titled “Program Ion Chamber” appe ars with the parameters of the sele cted Ion Chamber and two buttons: OK and CANCEL.
Operation Customization 3 3-25 OK and CANCEL When you complete your editing of ion chamb er parameters, you may use OK or CA NCEL to exit the Parameter Editor. If you select CANCEL, all modifi cations are discarded and the origi nal parameter settings of the ion chamber rem ain.
35040 Operators Manual 3-26 Figure 3-36. The Special Items Menu (Calibration Temperature has focus) To modify the Power Down Interval o r Optional Text, click on the desired text box and type in the new te xt from the keyboard.
Operation Customization 3 3-27 3.10.9 Measurement Displays The Model 35040 Therapy Dosimeter can contain up to sixte en (16) measurement displays, which are viewed from the Measurement Displays Form. With this form you may custom ize the appe arance of any of the measurement displays.
35040 Operators Manual 3-28 Table 3-4. Available Di splay Lines Display Line Group Title Appearance (on a Measurement Displa y) Blank Line Air Density Setting ADCF = -.
Operation Customization 3 3-29 Display Line Group Selection Click on the Group’s DO WN arrow key and select anothe r group from the drop down list by clicki ng on it. Each group on the drop down list will bring up a di fferent Display Line List. Refer to Table 3-4.
35040 Operators Manual 3-30 Upon completing the insertion, the Customization software tells the Model 35040 Therapy Dosimeter to insert the Display you specified.
Operation Customization 3 3-31 The Model 35040 Therapy Dosimeter displays the timer intervals in the same order they are entered. That is, it does not sort the timer interval settings. The UP arr ow key displays t he timer interval set tings in an increasing interval number o rder (e.
35040 Operators Manual 3-32 When you press Bias Select on the Model 3504 0 Ther apy Dosimeter front panel, the UP & DOWN ke ys allow you to select the bias settings in the order you entered them in the Bias Se ttings dialog box. 3.10.12 Examples The following examples describ e many f unctions of the Customization program.
Operation Customization 3 3-33 1. Clicking on the Power Do wn Interv al places the input focus there. 2. Keyboard: Enter 15 into the Edit Box. 2. Click on DOWNLOAD. The Cu stomization software downloads the new Power Down Interval to the model 35040 Therapy Dosi meter.
35040 Operators Manual 3-34 2. The Customization software prompt s you to enter a Display number ahe ad of which to insert a new Display. Type 3 and press ENTER. The Customization software insert s a new Display ahead of Display 3. The Customi zation software downloads the insert opera tion to the instrument.
Troubleshooting and Service Introduction 4 4-1 Section 4 Troubleshooting and Service The Model 35040 Therapy Dosimeter contains no internal operator serviceable parts.
35040 Operators Manual 4-2 The decision trees of the seco nd part are presented in text format. To use the d ecision tree, start with statement number 1. The text may state one o r more actions to be completed followed by a question. Choose the most appropriate answe r.
Troubleshooting and Service Troubleshooting 4 4-3 Explanation: The low battery annu nciator is a remi nder that while running o n the battery, there is a finite amount of energy available. For the battery in this instrument and the en ergy consumption of the instrument, when the batte ry voltage drops below 5.
35040 Operators Manual 4-4 7 Additional operator settings are invalid. Select the proper settings from the front panel. 8 Timer interval customization settings are invalid. Reinstall settings using the Customization software. 9 Additional calibration settings are invalid.
Troubleshooting and Service Troubleshooting 4 4-5 Example: 299.9 to 300.0 Cause: Rounding error in meas urement. Action: None. Explanation: The bias voltage is not actually changing . The control for the bias is in discrete steps. The measurement is also in discrete ste ps.
35040 Operators Manual 4-6 4.3 Display Will Not Light Go to line: 1. Is the instrum ent connected to line voltage? YES NO 2 4 2. Disco nnect the line cord. Check the fu se. (See Section 4.6.) Is the fuse filament intact? YES NO 3 11 3. Attach kn own operational appliance to outlet.
Troubleshooting and Service Low Battery 4 4-7 4.4 Low Battery Go to line: 1. Is the instrum ent connected to line volt age? Is the instrument connected to line voltage? YES NO 2 6 2. Turn the instrument off. Wait a few seconds. Turn the instrument on.
35040 Operators Manual 4-8 4.5 Bias Error Go to line: 1. Is "??Bias" displayed? YES NO 2 6 2. Has the instrument been o n for more than one minute? YES NO 3 8 3. Turn off the power. Wait 10 seconds. Turn on the power. Wait 1 minute. Is "??Bias" displayed? YES NO 4 -- 4.
Troubleshooting and Service Line Fuse Replacem ent 4 4-9 4.6 Line Fuse Replacement Disconnect the Model 35040 Therapy Dosimeter from other equipment along with the AC line power and turn off power before continuing with this section. 1. Position the instrument on its display fa ce.
35040 Operators Manual 4-10 If fuses continue to fail - return the instrument for repair. 4.7 Interface Connector Cleaning Select 0.0 V bias setting AND turn off the Model 35040 Therapy Dosimeter prior to cleaning the interface connectors. Failure to do so may result in an electrical shock.
Troubleshooting and Service Replaceable Parts Information 4 4-11 Table 4-1. Replaceable Parts List 4.10 Recalibration, Repair Information & Technical Assistance If your instrument needs recalibration o r repair, we request that you contact Fluke Biomedical at 440.
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Appendix Sample Customization Reports A A-1 Appendix A Sample Customization Reports A.1 Sample Documents This section contains sample docume n ts that the Customization Software can produce. It produced these documents on a HP LaserJet ® All of them contain the header “35040 THERAPY DOSIMETER”.
35040 Operators Manual A-2.
Appendix Sample Customization Reports A A-3.
35040 Operators Manual A-4.
Appendix Sample Customization Reports A A-5.
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Appendix Features of Firmware Version “27 JAN00” or Later B B-1 Appendix B Features of Firmware Version”27JAN00” or Later B.1 Introduction This addendum updates inf ormation provided in the Model 35040 Therapy Do simeter Instruction Manual .
35040 Operators Manual B-2 Refer to the following sections for detail s on the timed measurements: • Section B.3.2, Making Timed Exposure Mea suremen ts, presents an overvie w on configuring and using the timer. • Section B.4.1, Front Panel Controls: RESET/MEASU RE, discusses how to start and stop the timer as well as zero measurements.
Appendix New Features B B-3 1.000 μ A 0.001 μ A 1 Average Current Measurements Range and Resolution: Full Scale Range Display Resolution 200.00 pA 0.
35040 Operators Manual B-4 Procedure • The annunciator line on the Measurement screen di splays "WAIT System Not RDY" while the instrument is acquiring the minimum n umber of sa mples required for leakage co mpensation. Wait for this message to disappear.
Appendix Setup B B-5 a timed measurement for sources that deliver at a constant exposure rate. If the predicted timed measurement is drastically different from the expected value, there is no reason to wait for the complete timer interval to expire before investigating the cause of the discrepancy.
35040 Operators Manual B-6 Interval: 60 s Count: UP Decimal Places: 0 ADC ALC B.4.2 Using the Test Function Button Figure B.1 shows the automatic leakage com pensation settings, which consi st of the ALC status, start and stop threshold current s, and the instantaneous cu rrent measureme nt.
Appendix Operation Instructions B B-7 the instrument will cease updating the exposu re m easurements when the current drops bel ow the stop threshold and will return to measuring leakage. The instrument uses the start and stop threshold settings to sense when an exposure is in progress.
35040 Operators Manual B-8 B.4.4 Timer Setup The Test Function screen provides for configuring th e timer interval, count mode, and decimal places (see Figure B-6). With the timer settings displayed, pre ss the TEST FUNCTION button. The " " cursor will appear to the left of the timer interval setting.
Appendix Operation Instructions B B-9 B.4.6 Annunciators, Indica tors, and Overrange Conditions Table B-1 specifies the annunciato rs that may appear on the top line of the disp lay.
35040 Operators Manual B-10 Table B-3 specifies the condition s that cause the Model 35040 Th erapy Dosimeter to displa y an overrange indicator (OVER) for a mea surement quantity. Table B-3. Overrange Conditions Condition Overranged Measurement 1 charge > 19.
Appendix Theory of Operation B B-11 B.5 Theory Of Operation Basic Operating Equations Quantity Description Units Comments Q Timed Timed Charge C The electrical charge delivere d during the timer interval.
35040 Operators Manual B-12 B.6 Troubleshooting This section outlines steps t hat the operator may take to identify and correct pro blems. Symptom: "Configuration Error" displa yed. Cause: The instrument has lost the calibratio n or customization data.
Appendix Operation Instructions B B-13 Cause: The input current has ex ceeded the 1.200 uA limit. Action: Stop the exposure. Change the setup to reduce the current. Explanation: The instrument has a 1.00 0 uA limit on me asurable current and will continue to measure charge for currents up to 1 .
35040 Operators Manual B-14 Figure B-9 shows the Measur ement Displa ys dialog box. Figure B-9. The Measurement Displays Dial og Box (shown with the rotating rack ha ving focus) The display lines a re grouped within the Rotating Rack a c cording to their function.
Appendix Customization B B-15 Table B-4. Available Displ ay Lines Display Line Group (on the Rotating Ra ck) Title (on the Rotating Ra ck) Appearance (on a Measurement Displ ay) Blank Line Air Density Setting ADCF = -.--- Temperature Pressu re --.- C ---- hPa Bias Setting Set: >+---.
35040 Operators Manual B-16 Figure B-10. The Timer Intervals dialog box Select a field by pressing T AB until it is highlighted, or click on it with the mouse.
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Fluke Biomedical Radiation Management Services 6045 Cochran Road Cleveland, Ohio 44139 440.498.2564 120 Andrews Road Hicksville, New York 1180 1 516.870.
Ein wichtiger Punkt beim Kauf des Geräts Fluke 35040 (oder sogar vor seinem Kauf) ist das durchlesen seiner Bedienungsanleitung. Dies sollten wir wegen ein paar einfacher Gründe machen:
Wenn Sie Fluke 35040 noch nicht gekauft haben, ist jetzt ein guter Moment, um sich mit den grundliegenden Daten des Produkts bekannt zu machen. Schauen Sie zuerst die ersten Seiten der Anleitung durch, die Sie oben finden. Dort finden Sie die wichtigsten technischen Daten für Fluke 35040 - auf diese Weise prüfen Sie, ob das Gerät Ihren Wünschen entspricht. Wenn Sie tiefer in die Benutzeranleitung von Fluke 35040 reinschauen, lernen Sie alle zugänglichen Produktfunktionen kennen, sowie erhalten Informationen über die Nutzung. Die Informationen, die Sie über Fluke 35040 erhalten, werden Ihnen bestimmt bei der Kaufentscheidung helfen.
Wenn Sie aber schon Fluke 35040 besitzen, und noch keine Gelegenheit dazu hatten, die Bedienungsanleitung zu lesen, sollten Sie es aufgrund der oben beschriebenen Gründe machen. Sie erfahren dann, ob Sie die zugänglichen Funktionen richtig genutzt haben, aber auch, ob Sie keine Fehler begangen haben, die den Nutzungszeitraum von Fluke 35040 verkürzen könnten.
Jedoch ist die eine der wichtigsten Rollen, die eine Bedienungsanleitung für den Nutzer spielt, die Hilfe bei der Lösung von Problemen mit Fluke 35040. Sie finden dort fast immer Troubleshooting, also die am häufigsten auftauchenden Störungen und Mängel bei Fluke 35040 gemeinsam mit Hinweisen bezüglich der Arten ihrer Lösung. Sogar wenn es Ihnen nicht gelingen sollte das Problem alleine zu bewältigen, die Anleitung zeigt Ihnen die weitere Vorgehensweise – den Kontakt zur Kundenberatung oder dem naheliegenden Service.
