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9032599-02 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide.
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802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide i NOTICE Cabletron Systems reserves the right to make changes in specifications and other information contained in this document without prior notice. The reader should in all cases consult Cabletron Systems to determine whether any such changes ha ve been made.
Notice ii 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide.
802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide iii CONTENTS Figures .................................................................................................... vii Tables...........................................................................................
Contents iv 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide CHAPTER 3 VLAN CONFIGURATION 3.1 Managing the Switch .................................................................... 3-1 3.1.1 Switch Without VLANs .................................................... 3-1 3.
Contents 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide v CHAPTER 4 EXAMPLES 4.1 Example 1, Single Switch Operation ........................................... 4-1 4.1.1 Solving the Problem ........................................................ 4-2 4.1.2 Frame Handling .
Contents vi 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide.
802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide vii FIGURES Figure P age 1-1 Example of a VLAN .................................................................. 1-2 2-1 Inside the Switch ...................................................................... 2-4 3-1 Switch Management with Only Default VLAN .
802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide viii T ABLES T able P age 3-1 802.1Q VLAN Configuration Menu Screen Menu Items .......... 3-7 3-2 Device VLAN Configuration Screen Field Definitions ............. 3-9 3-3 Port Assignment Configuration Screen Field Definitions.
802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide ix PREFACE W elcome to the Cabletron Systems 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide . This guide introduces and describes Cabletron Systems’ implementation of the IEEE 802.
Preface x 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide RELATED DOCUMENTS Other Cabletron Systems documents that may be useful for understanding some of the concepts introduced or discussed in this guide are listed belo w: The SmartSwitch user’ s guide of any Cabletron Systems 802.
802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 1-1 CHAPTER 1 VIR TUAL LOCAL AREA NETW ORKS This chapter introduces the concepts of V irtual Local Area Networks (VLANs) and discusses the central concepts of IEEE 802.1Q VLANs. This chapter also contains information on ho w to contact Cabletron Systems for additional support related to VLANs.
Chapter 1: Vir tual Local Area Networks 1-2 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide Figure 1-1 Example of a VLAN In this example, the Sales and Finance w orkstations hav e been placed on two separate VLANs. In a plain Ethernet en vironment, the entire netw ork is a broadcast domain, and the SmartSwitches follo w the IEEE 802.
T ypes of VLANs 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 1-3 1.2 T YPES OF VLANs There are a number of dif ferent strategies for creating V irtual Local Area Networks, each with their o wn approaches to defining a station’ s membership in a particular VLAN. 1.2.
Chapter 1: Vir tual Local Area Networks 1-4 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 1.3 BENEFITS AND RESTRICTIONS The primary benefit of the 802.1Q VLAN technology is that it provides localization of traf fic. This function also of fers improv ements in security and performance to stations assigned to a VLAN.
VLAN T erms 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 1-5 The configuration is accomplished using the Local Management VLAN Forw arding Configuration screen. By default a VLAN is assigned to the FID that matches its VLAN ID. T ag Header (VLAN T ag) Four bytes of data inserted in a frame that identifies the VLAN/frame classification.
Chapter 1: Vir tual Local Area Networks 1-6 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 1D T runk A connection from a switch that passes only untagged traf fic. By default, a port designated as a 1D T runk port has all VLANs on its Port VLAN List and is configured to transmit all frames as untagged frames.
Getting Help 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 1-7 1.5 GETTING HELP For additional support related to this de vice or document, contact Cabletron Systems using one of the follo wing methods: Before calling .
Chapter 1: Vir tual Local Area Networks 1-8 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide.
802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 2-1 CHAPTER 2 VLAN OPERATION This chapter describes the operation of a VLAN switch and discusses the operations that a VLAN switch performs in response to both normal and VLAN-originated network traf fic. 2.1 DESCRIPTION The 802.
Chapter 2: VLAN Operation 2-2 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 2.3 CONFIGURATION PROCESS Before a VLAN can operate, steps must be performed to configure the switch to establish and configure a VLAN. Cabletron Systems VLAN aw are SmartSwitches default to operate in the 802.
VLAN Switch Operation 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 2-3 2.3.3 Customizing the VLAN Forwarding List Each port on a VLAN aw are switch has a VLAN forwarding list that contains, as a minimum, the PVID of the VLAN configured.
Chapter 2: VLAN Operation 2-4 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide Figure 2-1 depicts the inside of a switch with six ports, numbered one through six. The switch has been configured to associate VLAN A and B with FID 2, VLAN C and D with FID 3, and VLAN E with FID 4.
VLAN Switch Operation 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 2-5 The switch will no w make a forwarding decision on the frame, as described in Section 2.4.2 , F orwarding Decisions . T agged Frames In this example, the switch recei ves a tagged frame from Port 4.
Chapter 2: VLAN Operation 2-6 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide For e xample, assume that a frame is received by the switch depicted in Figure 2-1 . This frame is a unicast untagged frame recei ved on Port 3.
802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 3-1 CHAPTER 3 VLAN CONFIGURATION This chapter describes ho w to set up the switch for local or remote management, and the VLAN Local Management screens used to create and configure VLANs in a SmartSwitch.
Chapter 3: VLAN Configuration 3-2 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 3.1.2 Switch with VLANs If the switch is to be configured for multiple VLANs, it may be desirable to configure a management-only VLAN.
Managing the Switch 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 3-3 b. Set the FID so the Management VLAN has its own number to make the VLAN secure. In this example, the FID is 3 and no other VLAN should be assigned to this FID. This keeps the new VLAN from sharing its filtering database with other VLANs in the switch.
Chapter 3: VLAN Configuration 3-4 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 3.2 SUMMARY OF VLAN LOCAL MANAGEMENT The VLAN configuration process is an extension of normal Local Management operations. A series of Local Management screens provides access to the functions and commands necessary to add, change, or delete VLANs and to assign ports to those VLANs.
802.1Q VLAN Configuration Menu Screen 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 3-5 3.3 802.1Q VLAN CONFIGURATION MENU SCREEN When to Use T o select screens to assign switched network ports to VLANs, define new VLANs, and configure port filtering according to a VLAN list or untagged frames.
Chapter 3: VLAN Configuration 3-6 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide How to Access Use the arro w ke ys to highlight the 802.1Q VLAN CONFIGURA TION MENU item from the module, de vice, or chassis specific Configuration Menu screen and press ENTER. The 802.
802.1Q VLAN Configuration Menu Screen 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 3-7 Menu Definitions T able 3-1 802.1Q VLAN Configuration Menu Screen Menu Items Menu Item Screen Function DEVICE VLAN CONFIGURATION Used to view , add, name, enable , or disable VLANs within the de vice, and also associate the VLANs to a Filter Database ID (FID).
Chapter 3: VLAN Configuration 3-8 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 3.4 DEVICE VLAN CONFIGURATION SCREEN When to Use T o define the operating characteristics of the switch to add, name, delete, enable, and disable VLANs, and assign VLANs to FIDs. The screen can display up to eight VLANs simultaneously .
Device VLAN Configuration Screen 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 3-9 Field Definitions T able 3-2 Device VLAN Configuration Screen Field Definitions Use this field … T o … Forward Default VLAN Out All P or ts (T oggle) Assign or remov e the default VLAN from the P or t VLAN List f or all por ts.
Chapter 3: VLAN Configuration 3-10 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 3.4.1 Defining a VLAN T o define a VLAN, proceed as follows: 1. Use the arrow keys to highlight the VLAN ID field. 2. Enter the VLAN ID using a unique number between 2 and 4094. The VLAN IDs of 0, 1, and 4095 may not be used for user-defined VLANs.
Device VLAN Configuration Screen 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 3-11 3.4.2 Changing the VLAN to FID Association T o change the association of a VLAN to a FID, proceed as follows: 1. Use the arrow keys to highlight the VLAN ID field. 2. Enter the VLAN ID of the VLAN of which the FID association is to be changed.
Chapter 3: VLAN Configuration 3-12 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 3.4.4 Deleting a VLAN T o delete a VLAN from the current VLAN list, proceed as follows: 1. Enter the VLAN ID. The VLAN Name field will automatically update to display the VLAN’s name if that VLAN has been previously configured.
Device VLAN Configuration Screen 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 3-13 4. Press ENTER. The message “SAVED OK” displays. 3.4.7 Changing the Forwarding Mode T o change the forwarding mode of the switch, proceed as follo ws: 1. Use the arrow keys to highlight the Forward Default VLAN Out All Ports field.
Chapter 3: VLAN Configuration 3-14 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 3.5 P OR T ASSIGNMENT CONFIGURATION SCREEN When to Use T o select a mode of operation for each port and to assign a Port VLAN Identification (PVID) to each port. How to Access Use the arro w ke ys to highlight the POR T ASSIGNMENT CONFIGURA TION menu item on the 802.
P or t Assignment Configuration Screen 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 3-15 Field Definitions 3.5.1 Changing the P or t Mode T o change the operational mode of a port, proceed as follo ws. 1. Use the arrow keys to highlight the PORT MODE field for the module and port combination you wish to change.
Chapter 3: VLAN Configuration 3-16 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide • 1Q TR UNK – This mode sets the port for transmitting to another 802.1Q aw are de vice. In this mode, all frames are transmitted with a tag header included in the frame (excluding BPDUs).
P or t Filtering Configuration Screen 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 3-17 3. When the desired VLAN ID is displayed, use the arrow keys to highlight the SAVE command at the bottom of the screen.
Chapter 3: VLAN Configuration 3-18 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide How to Access Use the arro w ke ys to highlight the PORT FILTERING CONFIGURATION menu item on the 802.1Q VLAN Configuration Menu screen and press ENTER. The Port Filtering Configuration screen displays.
P or t Filtering Configuration Screen 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 3-19 Field Definitions 3.6.1 Displaying VLAN IDs Associated with a Port T o display the VLAN IDs and VLAN Names of the VLANs associated with a particular port, proceed as follo ws: 1.
Chapter 3: VLAN Configuration 3-20 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 4. To display the next screen, use the arrow keys to highlight NEXT . Press ENTER to view the entries on the next screen. 5. To display the previous screen, use the arrow keys to highlight PREVIOUS .
VLAN Forwarding Configuration Screen 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 3-21 3.7 VLAN FORWARDING CONFIGURATION SCREEN When to Use T o perform the follo wing functions: • V iew the ports included in a VLAN’ s Forwarding List. • Define which ports to include in the VLAN’ s Forwarding List.
Chapter 3: VLAN Configuration 3-22 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide Field Definitions 3.7.1 Viewing Current VLAN P or ts T o display the VLAN Forwarding List for a particular VLAN, proceed as follo ws: 1. Use the arrow keys to highlight the VLAN ID field.
VLAN Forwarding Configuration Screen 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 3-23 3.7.2 P aging Through VLAN Forwarding List Entries T o display additional entries in the VLAN Forwarding List that do not appear on the screen, use the NEXT or PREVIOUS commands located at the bottom of the screen, as follo ws: 1.
Chapter 3: VLAN Configuration 3-24 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 2. Use the arrow keys to highlight the Port field. Step through the available ports on the module with the SPACE bar or BACKSPACE. 3. Use the arrow keys to highlight the ADD/DELETE field.
Protocol VLAN Configuration Screen 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 3-25 How to Access Use the arro w ke ys to highlight the PR O TOCOL VLAN CONFIGURA TION menu item on the 802.1Q VLAN Configuration Menu screen and press ENTER. The Protocol VLAN Configuration screen displays.
Chapter 3: VLAN Configuration 3-26 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide Field Definitions T able 3-6 Protocol VLAN Configuration Screen Field Definitions Use this field … T o … VLAN ID - upper part of.
Protocol VLAN Configuration Screen 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 3-27 Protocol Type (Selectable) Select one of the f ollowing protocol types: IP – per tains to all IP associated Ether T ypes (i.e., 0x0x0800, 0x0806, and, 0x8035). IPX – per tains to all IPX associated Ether T ypes (i.
Chapter 3: VLAN Configuration 3-28 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 3.8.1 Displaying the Current Pr otocol, VLAN ID , and P or t Assignments In some instances it may be desirable to see which VLAN IDs and the associated ports that are currently assigned to a particular protocol.
Protocol VLAN Configuration Screen 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 3-29 1. Use the arrow keys to highlight the VLAN ID field at the bottom of the screen. 2. Enter the VLAN ID. If a new VLAN ID is entered that has not been created on the switch, use a unique number between 2 and 4094.
Chapter 3: VLAN Configuration 3-30 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 7. If CUSTOM was selected in the Protocol Type field, use the arrow keys to highlight the Ether type field. Otherwise, go to step 9. 8. Enter your particular protocol type in the Ether type field.
Protocol P or ts Configuration Screen 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 3-31 3.9 PROTOCOL P OR TS CONFIGURATION SCREEN When to Use T o display the current ports and port types associated with a VLAN and protocol selected in the Protocol VLAN Configuration screen described in Section 3.
Chapter 3: VLAN Configuration 3-32 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide Field Definitions T able 3-7 Protocol P orts Configuration Screen Field Definitions Use this field … T o … Current Protocol P orts (Read-Only) Displa y the current por ts associated with the VLAN ID .
Quick VLAN W alkthrough 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 3-33 3.9.1 Adding/Deleting P or ts Associated with a VLAN ID T o add or delete ports from a VLAN, proceed as follows: 1. Use the arrow keys to highlight the Port field. 2. Press the SPACE bar to step to the appropriate port number.
Chapter 3: VLAN Configuration 3-34 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 3. Use the arrow keys to highlight the VLAN ID field. Assign a number to a new VLAN by typing the number “ 2 ” in the VLAN ID field.
Quick VLAN W alkthrough 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 3-35 Figure 3-11 W alkthrough Stage One It is no w time to assign a port to this ne w VLAN. 9. Use the arrow keys to highlight the RETURN command at the bottom of the screen. Press ENTER. The 802.1Q VLAN Configuration Menu screen displays.
Chapter 3: VLAN Configuration 3-36 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 11. Use the SPACE bar to step sequentially through the previously configured VLAN ID numbers. When the number 0002 (the new VLAN ID) is displayed, the FID field updates to 0002, and the VLAN Name field updates showing the name assigned to this VLAN, TEST VLAN .
Quick VLAN W alkthrough 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 3-37 13. Use the arrow keys to highlight the Port Mode field for port 10. Use the SPACE bar or BACKSPACE key to step sequentially through the possible settings of the port until 1Q TRUNK is displayed.
Chapter 3: VLAN Configuration 3-38 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 15. On the 802.1Q VLAN Main Menu screen, use the arrow keys to highlight the DEVICE VLAN CONFIGURATION menu item. Press ENTER. The Device VLAN Configuration screen, Figure 3-14 , displays.
Quick VLAN W alkthrough 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 3-39 The Port VLAN List of any port on the de vice can also be checked at any time using the Port Filtering Configuration screen. A list of all ports eligible to transmit frames for a gi ven VLAN will also be listed on the VLAN Forw arding Configuration screen.
Chapter 3: VLAN Configuration 3-40 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide Figure 3-15 Final W alkthrough Sta ge This ef fecti vely completes the displaying of the Port VLAN List and the setting of the port filtering of all untagged frames. Firmware Revision: XX.
802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 4-1 CHAPTER 4 EXAMPLES This chapter provides e xamples of how VLAN aware SmartSwitches can be configured to group users at the port le v el to create VLANs in existing networks. Each e xample presents a problem and sho ws ho w it is solved by configuring the switches using the VLAN Local Management screens.
Chapter 4: Examples 4-2 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 4.1.1 Solving the Prob lem T o set up this switch, users will be assigned to two ne w VLANs, red stations to the Red VLAN, and blue stations to the Blue VLAN. The information belo w describes ho w the switch is configured to create these two VLANs and how users are assigned to them.
Example 1, Single Switch Operation 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 4-3 The switch will no w classify each frame recei ved as belonging to either the Red or Blue VLANs. T raffic from one VLAN will not be forwarded to the members of the other VLAN, and all frames transmitted by the switch will be normal, untagged Ethernet frames.
Chapter 4: Examples 4-4 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 6. The switch examines its VLAN configuration information and determines that the frame for Red VLAN is allowed to be forwarded out Port 1 and that it must be sent in an untagged format. 7. The switch forwards the frame out Port 1.
Example 2, VLANs Across Multiple Switches 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 4-5 Figure 4-3 Example 2, VLANs Across Multiple Switc hes 4.2.1 Solving the Prob lem T o solve the problem in this e xample, the users are assigned to VLANs using Switch 4 and Switch 2 as sho wn in Figure 4-3 .
Chapter 4: Examples 4-6 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide Switch 4 Switch 4 is set as follo ws: 1. Two VLANs are added to the list of VLANs in the Device/VLAN Configuration screen and assigned to a FID.
Example 2, VLANs Across Multiple Switches 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 4-7 Switch 2 Switch 2 is set as follo ws: 1. Two VLANs are added to the list of VLANs using the Device/VLAN Configuration screen and assigned to a FID.
Chapter 4: Examples 4-8 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 4.2.2 Frame Handling The follo wing describes ho w , when User A attempts to log on to the File Server on Bridge 4, the frames from User A are classified on Switch 4 and trav erse the network.
Example 2, VLANs Across Multiple Switches 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 4-9 The VLAN Tag Header is inserted because Switch 4, Port 4 is designated as an 802.1Q Trunk port. In this case, the Port Mode setting for Port 4 is 802.1Q Trunk and the VLAN Frame format for that VLAN is tagged.
Chapter 4: Examples 4-10 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide Figure 4-6 T ransmitting to Bridge 4 4. The File Server responds with a unicast frame to User A. All switches between the File Server and User A have an entry in their respective Source Address Tables identifying which port to use for forwarding the frame to User A, MAC address “Y” in FID 3.
Example 3, 1D T runk Connection to 802.1Q VLAN Network 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 4-11 As illustrated in Figure 4-7 , a third group of stations, the Green Incorporated staf f, is added to the facility . Also, the Green Incorporated Network Administrators want to add a Mail Server to the netw ork on the first floor .
Chapter 4: Examples 4-12 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 4.3.1 Solving the Prob lem Much of the existing netw ork configuration can remain as it was for Example 2, VLANs Across Multiple Switches .
Example 3, 1D T runk Connection to 802.1Q VLAN Network 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 4-13 2. The Forward Default VLAN Out All Ports is set to YES using the Device/VLAN Configuration screen. This adds the Default VLAN to the Port VLAN List of every switch port and all VLANs become members of FID 1.
Chapter 4: Examples 4-14 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 2. Switch 4 receives the frame and classifies this new untagged frame as belonging to the Red VLAN. Since the frame is a broadcast, it is forwarded to any ports that are classified as eligible to receive Red VLAN frames.
Example 3, 1D T runk Connection to 802.1Q VLAN Network 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 4-15 Figure 4-9 Switch 2 Forwar ds to 1Q T runk 4. When Switch 1 receives the tagged broadcast frame, it also examines the tag and classifies the frame as belonging to the Red VLAN.
Chapter 4: Examples 4-16 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide Switch 1 checks the Filtering Database for the MAC address of User B. User B’s MAC address is located, and Port 2 is identified as User B’s location. The frame is then checked for eligibility and frame format for Port 2.
Example 4, Isolating Network T raffic According to Pr otocol 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 4-17 4.4 EXAMPLE 4, ISOLATING NETWORK T RAFFIC ACCORDING TO PR OTOCOL This final example illustrates ho w to .
Chapter 4: Examples 4-18 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide Figure 4-11 Example 4, Isolating T raffic According to Protocol 4.4.1 Solving the Prob lem Much of the existing netw ork configuration can remain as it was for Example 3, 1D T runk Connection to 802.
Example 4, Isolating Network T raffic According to Pr otocol 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 4-19 Switch 5 will be configured to isolate all AppleT alk protocol frame traffic to the de vices in the Grey VLAN and all other protocol traffic to the Y ellow VLAN.
Chapter 4: Examples 4-20 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide Switch 5 Switch 5 is set as follo ws: 1. Two VLANs are added to the list of VLANs in the Device/VLAN Configuration screen. In this example, it is set as follows: • VLAN ID 5, FID 5, with a VLAN Name of Y ellow • VLAN ID 6, FID 6, with a VLAN Name of Grey 2.
Example 4, Isolating Network T raffic According to Pr otocol 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide 4-21 5. The AppleTalk frames must now be restricted to Ports 2 through 8 of the Yellow VLAN.
Chapter 4: Examples 4-22 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide.
802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide Index-1 INDEX Numerics 1D Trunk 1-6, 3-16, 4-10 1Q Trunk 1-5, 3-16, 4-4 C Chapters organization ix Configuration 2-2 Conventions x D Default VLAN 1-5 Device VLAN Configurat.
Index Index-2 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide P Port Assignment Configuration screen FID (Read-Only) 3-15 Port Mode (Selectable) 3-15 VLAN ID (Selectable) 3-15 VLAN Name (Read-Only) 3-15 Port Filtering Co.
Index 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide Index-3 U Untagged frame 1-5, 2-4 V VLAN assigning ports 2-2 components 2-1 configuration 2-2 default VLAN 1-5 defining 2-2 definition 1-1 to 1-4 operation 2-3 terms .
Index Index-4 802.1Q VLAN User’ s Guide.
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