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HOTWIRE DSL ROUTERS USER’S GUIDE Document No. 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000.
A 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 Copyright E 2000 Paradyne Corporation. All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A. Notice This publication is protected by federal copyright law .
i 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 Contents About This Guide H Document Purpose and Intended Audience v . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H Document Summary vi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents ii 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 3 Configuring the DSL Router H Overview of DSL Router Configuration 3-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H Interfaces for the DSL Router 3-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents iii 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 5 Monitoring the DSL Router H What to Monitor 5-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H Detecting Problems 5-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents iv 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 B Configuration Defaults & Command Line Shortcuts H Configuration Default Settings B-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H Command Line Input Shortcuts B-3 . . . . . . .
v 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 About This Guide Document Purpose and Intended Audience This guide describes how to configure and operate Hotwire DSL routers.
About This Guide vi 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 Document Summary Section Description Chapter 1 Introduction to Hotwire DSL Routers. Provides an overview of the Hotwire DSL Routers. Chapter 2 Accessing the DSL Router . Describes the Hotwire DSL Routers access control and provides instructions on how to log in and log out of the system.
About This Guide vii 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 Pr oduct-Related Documents Contact your sales or service representative to order additional product documentation.
About This Guide viii 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 Document Conventions The following syntax is used throughout this document. Syntax T ranslation [ ] Square brackets represent an optional element. { } Braces represent a required entry . | V ertical bar separates mutually exclusive elements.
1-1 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 Intr oduction to Hotwire DSL Routers 1 What is a Hotwir e DSL Router? The Hotwire r DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) Router operates as an IP router connecting a DSL link to an Ethernet network.
Introduction to Hotwire DSL Routers 1-2 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 T ypical DSL Router System DSL is a local loop technology that uses standard twisted-pair copper wire to support high-speed access over a single pair of twisted copper wires. DSL applications are point-to-point, requiring DSL devices at the central site and at the end-user site.
Introduction to Hotwire DSL Routers 1-3 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 Hotwir e DSL Router Features The Hotwire DSL routers contain the following features.
Introduction to Hotwire DSL Routers 1-4 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 Service Subscriber The Service Subscriber is the user (or set of users) that has contracted to receive networking services (e.g., Internet access, remote LAN access) for the end-user system from an NSP (Network Service Provider).
2-1 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 Accessing the DSL Router 2 Access Contr ol to the DSL Router The Hotwire DSL Router can be managed from an NMS using SNMP or from the command line interface.
Accessing the DSL Router 2-2 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 Changing Access Session Levels H Y ou can change the Administrator access level by entering: admin enable This command provides Administrator access level privileges. The DSL router will respond with a prompt to enter the password for Administrator access.
Accessing the DSL Router 2-3 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 Setting Up the New User ’ s Login The DSL router will provide the login prompt when the local console connection is first established. When the login prompt appears, a locally connected console defaults to Console Enabled with Operator access only .
Accessing the DSL Router 2-4 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 9. At the prompt, enter the new Administrator-level password to replace abc123: password admin new password and press Enter save and press Enter NOTE: Any input during an Administrator configuration session must be saved while still in configuration mode.
Accessing the DSL Router 2-5 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 Using the List Command The list command displays a sequence of commands, in the form of ASCII strings, that would have the effect of setting all configuration settings to the current values. (The two passwords are not output.
Accessing the DSL Router 2-6 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 Manually Logging Out T o log out, there are two commands: logout and exit. " Procedur e T o log out of the Hotwire DSL Router command line session or T elnet session: 1. At the > prompt, type logout and press Enter .
3-1 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 Configuring the DSL Router 3 Overview of DSL Router Configuration The Hotwire DSL Routers support various customer premises distribution networks that contain IP forwarding devices or routers, in addition to locally attached hosts or subnets.
Configuring the DSL Router 3-2 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 H Ethernet Interface — All DSL routers have an Ethernet interface with a unique MAC address assigned before shipping. — The Ethernet interface is a 10/100BaseT interface that automatically negotiates the rate.
Configuring the DSL Router 3-3 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 Numbered DSL Interface In this scenario, the hosts attached to the DSL router ’s Ethernet interface are on a different logical network than the core router . The DSL router is the next hop router for the hosts.
Configuring the DSL Router 3-4 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 IP Routing The DSL router uses destination-based routing for downstream traffic. An IP Routing T able is maintained to specify how to forward IP datagrams downstream. The DSL router is capable of supporting 32 entries in the IP Routing T able.
Configuring the DSL Router 3-5 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 Addr ess Resolution Protocol (ARP) Address Resolution Protocol, as specified in RFC 826, is supported in the DSL router . The DSL router provides for a total of 265 ARP table entries. The timeout for completed and uncompleted ARP table entries is configurable.
Configuring the DSL Router 3-6 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 Network Addr ess T ranslation (NA T) Network Address T ranslation is used when a private network’s internal IP addresses cannot be used outside the private network. The IP addresses may be restricted for privacy reasons or they may not be valid public IP addresses.
Configuring the DSL Router 3-7 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 IP Options Processing The NA T and NAPT functions handle and process the IP datagrams with options set as described below .
Configuring the DSL Router 3-8 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 H When the DHCP IP address range is changed, all binding entries, automatically added routes, and ARP table entries for the clients configured with the old address range are removed. H When the DHCP Server is enabled, there can be only one service domain (Ethernet interface) configured.
Configuring the DSL Router 3-9 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 Security The DSL router offers security via the following: H IP Filtering – Can be enabled or disabled. H Land Bug/Smurf Attack Prevention – Always present. IP Filtering NOTE: All Hotwire DSL Router filters are configured on the Hotwire DSL card.
Configuring the DSL Router 3-10 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 Routed vs. Bridged PDUs The DSL router supports both the VNET model and the 1483 Routed model (derived from RFC 1483) for the transportation of PDUs (Protocol Data Units) from the DSL router to the router in the core network.
4-1 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 DSL Router Configuration Examples 4 Configuration Examples The Hotwire DSL Router configuration examples include only a few of the possible scenarios. This chapter covers some of the common configurations. The command syntax will vary based on your network setup.
DSL Router Configuration Examples 4-2 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 Basic Configuration Example 00-16590-01 Customer Premises (CP) DSL DSL Router Hub 155.1.3.1 155.1.3.2 155.1.3.3 End-user Systems Console Po r t Connection Core Router dsl1 155.1.4.254 Ethernet eth1 155.
DSL Router Configuration Examples 4-3 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 Basic NA T Configuration Example 00-16767 Customer Premises (CP) DSL Router Hub 10.1.3.2 10.1.3.3 10.1.3.4 End-user Systems Console Po r t Connection Ethernet eth1 10.1.3.1 DSL Core Router dsl1 155.
DSL Router Configuration Examples 4-4 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 NAPT Configuration Example 00-16611-02 Customer Premises (CP) DSL Router Hub 10.1.3.2 10.1.3.3 10.1.3.4 End-user Systems Console Po r t Connection Ethernet eth1 10.1.3.1 DSL Core Router dsl1 155.
DSL Router Configuration Examples 4-5 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 Unnumbered DSL Interface with Pr oxy ARP Configuration Example 00-16768 Customer Premises (CP) End-user Systems 155.1.3.1 155.1.3.2 155.1.3.3 DSL Router Hub Console Po r t Connection DSL Core Router dsl1 Unnumbered WA N 155.
DSL Router Configuration Examples 4-6 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 DHCP Relay with Proxy ARP Configuration Example 00-16612-01 Customer Premises (CP) End-user Systems 155.1.3.1 155.1.3.2 155.1.3.3 DSL Router Hub Console Po r t Connection DSL Core Router dsl1 Unnumbered WA N 155.
DSL Router Configuration Examples 4-7 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 DHCP Server with Basic NA T Configuration Example 00-16613-01 Customer Premises (CP) DSL Router Hub 10.1.3.2 10.1.3.3 10.1.3.9 End-user Systems Console Po r t Connection Ethernet eth1 10.
DSL Router Configuration Examples 4-8 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 Downstream Router Configuration Example 00-16591-01 Customer Premises (CP) End-user Systems Router Hub End-user Systems 120.26.7.1 120.26.7.2 120.26.7.3 120.26.7.100 130.26.7.1 130.26.7.
5-1 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 Monitoring the DSL Router 5 What to Monitor This chapter presents information on how to access and monitor the Hotwire DSL Router ’s status and performance statistics. Y ou can monitor DSL router operations by viewing: H LEDs on the DSL router ’s front panel.
Monitoring the DSL Router 5-2 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 Status of Interfaces From the Command Line Interface, the current status of the Ethernet (eth1) Interface and the DSL (dsl1) Interface can be obtained with one command: show interface The information displayed for Ethernet and DSL Interfaces is presented below .
Monitoring the DSL Router 5-3 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 Interface Statistics From the Command Line Interface, statistics are available for DSL, Ethernet, and IP processing.
Monitoring the DSL Router 5-4 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 Clearing Statistics From the Command Line Interface, the statistics can be cleared. clear statistics [ eth1 | dsl1 | ip ] Clears the statistics for the named interface. If no interface is entered, ALL statistics for all interfaces are cleared.
Monitoring the DSL Router 5-5 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 T able 5-1. Discard Reasons for the Ethernet Interface (eth1) (2 of 2) Discard Reasons for the Ethernet Interface (eth1) Receiver Missed Frame.
Monitoring the DSL Router 5-6 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 T able 5-2. Discard Reasons for the DSL Interface (dsl1) (2 of 2) Discard Reasons for the DSL Interface (dsl1) Srv Domain Wrpr TX Queue Overflows Unknown Frame T ype Errors Unrecognized VNID Unsupported Encapsulation Protocol Unsupported Network Protocol T able 5-3.
6-1 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 Diagnostics and T roubleshooting 6 Diagnostics and T r oubleshooting Overview There are several features available to assist in evaluating the Hotwire DSL Router .
Diagnostics and T roubleshooting 6-2 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 System Log The Hotwire DSL Router can log significant system events (SYSLOG). The SYSLOG can be maintained locally on the DSL router and can also be sent to a remote SYSLOG server , preferably in the management domain.
Diagnostics and T roubleshooting 6-3 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 syslog level level Specifies the minimum severity level to be logged. Refer to T able 6-1, SYSLOG Messages, for a list of messages by severity level. Minimum access level: Administrator/Config level – The minimum level to be logged.
Diagnostics and T roubleshooting 6-4 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 T able 6-1. SYSLOG Messages (2 of 2) Level Event Description NORM Normal or administrative Admin enable administrative re p ortin g Adm.
Diagnostics and T roubleshooting 6-5 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 Ping The Ping program is an IP-based application used to test reachability to a specific IP address by sending an ICMP echo request and waiting for a reply . From the Command Line Interface, Ping can test connectivity upstream or downstream.
Diagnostics and T roubleshooting 6-6 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 T raceRoute The T raceRoute program is an IP diagnostic tool that allows you to learn the path a packet takes from the service domain local host to its remote host.
A-1 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 Command Line Interface A Command Line Interface Featur e The Hotwire DSL router is managed with text commands from the Command Line Interface. The Command Line Interface can be accessed: H Locally with an ASCII terminal connected to the Console port, or H Remotely via a T elnet session.
Command Line Interface A-2 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 Navigation The Hotwire DSL router uses the following keys (as do most terminal emulation programs): H Enter or Return – Accepts the input. H Ctrl-c – Aborts the entry or clears the input line.
Command Line Interface A-3 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 Command Line Interface Commands Configuration Control Commands configure { terminal | factory } Enables the Administrator configuration mode. Configuration mode will remain in effect until the exit or logout command has been entered.
Command Line Interface A-4 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 Interface and Service Domain IP Address ifn address { eth1 [: ifn ] | dsl1 [ :ifn ]} ip-address mask [ primary ] ifn { dsl1 [: ifn ] | eth1 [ :ifn ]} primary ifn address dsl1 unnumbered Specifies the IP address associated with either the Ethernet interface or the DSL interface.
Command Line Interface A-5 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 delete { eth1 [ :ifn ] | dsl1 [ :ifn ]} Deletes any of the assignments that are configured for the interface.
Command Line Interface A-6 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 ip route create upstream eth1[: ifn ] next-hop-ip ip route delete upstream eth1[: ifn ] Enter or delete upstream IP routing table entries. When the DSL interface is unnumbered, an IP routing table entry will be created automatically with the next hop router as remote.
Command Line Interface A-7 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 ARP T able arp timeout incomplete [ time ] Specifies the ARP table timeout value in seconds for incomplete ARP table entries.
Command Line Interface A-8 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 NA T nat basic enable Enables the one-to-one mapping function of Basic NA T . Enabling Basic NA T automatically disables NA T NAPT . If Basic NA T is enabled, Proxy ARP must be enabled on the dsl1 interface when the dsl1 interface address is part of the Basic NA T global IP network address.
Command Line Interface A-9 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 nat basic map public-ip private-ip nat basic map lower-public-ip lower -private-ip upper-private-ip Statically maps public to private IP addresses for the one-to-one mapping function of Basic NA T .
Command Line Interface A-10 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 nat disable Disables the currently enabled NA T , either Basic NA T or NAPT . Minimum access level: Administrator/Config nat purge Purges all mapping entries. Minimum access level: Administrator/Config DHCP Server The DHCP Server can be enabled and disabled.
Command Line Interface A-1 1 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 dhcp server leasetime min-lease-time max-lease-time Specifies the lease-time settings used by the DHCP server .
Command Line Interface A-12 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 IP Packet Processing IP multicast { enable | disable } Enables or disables the forwarding of IP multicast packets. This setting is retained across power cycles. Minimum access level: Administrator enable – Enable forwarding of IP multicast packets.
Command Line Interface A-13 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 Show Command Outputs show console Displays: console enabled or console disabled show system Sample show system display: May 21 09:53:26 2000 Sys.
Command Line Interface A-14 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 show ip route [ ip-address ] If an IP address is not provided, the entire table will be displayed with the upstream routes displayed first and the downstream routes next. If the IP address is provided, only the specific entry will be displayed.
Command Line Interface A-15 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 show NAT napt Sample show NA T napt display: NA T NAPT – { disabled | enabled } NA T NAPT – public IP-address: x.x.x.x NA T timeout: xx minutes NA T NAPT mappings: private-ip private-port mapped-port protocol x.
Command Line Interface A-16 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 show DHCP relay Displays the DHCP relay agent’s current status and configuration. Minimum level access: Administrator Sample show dhcp relay display: DHCP relay – { disabled | enabled } DHCP relay – server ip-addr: x.
B-1 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 Configuration Defaults & Command Line Shortcuts B Configuration Default Settings All configuration options and factory default settings are listed alphabetically in T able B-1, Default Configuration Settings. Refer to T able B-2, Command Line Shortcuts , for abbreviated command line input.
Configuration Defaults & Command Line Shortcuts B-2 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 T able B-1. Default Configuration Settings (2 of 2) Configuration Option Factory Default Setting Ethernet frame DIX .
Configuration Defaults & Command Line Shortcuts B-3 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 Command Line Input Shortcuts T ext in bold is the minimum input for each command line entry .
Configuration Defaults & Command Line Shortcuts B-4 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 T able B-2. Command Line Input Shortcuts (2 of 3) ip rou te cre ate <dest–ip> <dest–mask> rem ote ip.
Configuration Defaults & Command Line Shortcuts B-5 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 T able B-2. Command Line Input Shortcuts (3 of 3) sho w dhc p { rel ay | ser ver} sho w int erface { dsl1 | eth1 } s.
Configuration Defaults & Command Line Shortcuts B-6 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000.
C-1 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 T raps & MIBs C SNMP Overview The Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is an application-level protocol used in network management to gather information from network devices. Each DSL router runs an SNMP agent that collects data.
T raps & MIBs C-2 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 DSL Router T raps The table below lists the traps supported by the DSL router . All traps are defined with a severity of Critical, Major , Minor , W arning, or Normal. By default, all traps are initially disabled.
T raps & MIBs C-3 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 MIBs Overview The Hotwire DSL system supports standard as well as Paradyne Enterprise MIBs. V arious configuration, status, and statistical data within the SNMP agent is accessible from the NMS.
T raps & MIBs C-4 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 NOTE: The System Name, System Contact, and System Location objects can be configured via the port card (A-F) . V alues will display in Monitoring (B-E) . However , the DSL router uses and displays the SNMP information set via the System Group.
T raps & MIBs C-5 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 Interfaces Gr oup (RFC 1573) The evolution of the Interfaces Group of MIB II (RFC 1573 converted to SNMP v1) consists of an object indicating the number of interfaces supported by the DSL router and an interface table containing an entry for each interface.
T raps & MIBs C-6 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 T able C-3. Interfaces Gr oup Objects (2 of 2) Object Setting/Contents Description ifOperStatus ( ifEntry 8 ) Specifies the current operational state of the interface. H DSL interface: – up(1) – DSL link is established.
T raps & MIBs C-7 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 Extension to Interfaces T able (RFC 1573) This extension contains additional objects for the Interface table. T able C-4 shows the objects supported. T able C-4. Extension to Interfaces T able Object Description Setting/Contents ifName ( ifXEntry 1) Provides the name of the interface.
T raps & MIBs C-8 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 T able C-5. IP Group Objects (2 of 2) Object Setting/Contents Description ipNetT oMediaT able (ip 22) This table allows access to contents of the ARP cache. This table is implemented with read/write access.
T raps & MIBs C-9 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 T able C-6. IP CIDR Route Group Objects (2 of 2) Object Setting/Contents Description ipCidrRouteT ype (ipCidrRouteEntry 6) This is a read-only object. H other(1) – Not specified by this MIB (used as interface route).
T raps & MIBs C-10 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 SNMP Group The SNMP Group objects that apply to a management agent are fully supported. The following objects apply only to an NMS and return a value.
T raps & MIBs C-1 1 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 Paradyne Enterprise MIBs The following Paradyne Enterprise MIB Objects are supported by the unit: H Device Control MIB (pdn_Control.mib) H Device Diagnostics MIB (pdn_diag.mib) H Health and Status MIB (pdn_HealthAndStatus.
T raps & MIBs C-12 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 Device Diagnostics MIB Objects supported by the Device Diagnostics MIB, pdn_diag.mib, include the Application T est Input Group (Ping and T raceRoute) and T est T raps, providing an NMS a trigger for a diagnostic test.
T raps & MIBs C-13 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 T able C-8. Application T est Group Objects (2 of 3) Object Setting/Contents Description applT estOwner (testStatusEntry 5) Identifies who started the test. 1 – 40 characters. applT estRowStatus (testStatusEntry 6) Use to create a new row or delete an existing row .
T raps & MIBs C-14 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 T able C-8. Application T est Group Objects (3 of 3) Object Setting/Contents Description applT raceroutePacketSize (traceroute 4) Specifies T raceRoute packet size. Range + 28 bytes of header information.
T raps & MIBs C-15 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 Health and Status MIB Objects supported by the Health and Status MIB, pdn_HealthAndStatus.mib, include the following groups: H Device Health and Status H Device Selftest Status H Device Abort Status H Device Failure Status H T raps T able C-9.
T raps & MIBs C-16 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 Configuration MIB The supported groups used with the DSL Configuration MIB, pdn_Config.mib, are: H Device Configuration Copy Group H T rap Configuration Group H Paradyne Device Configuration T ime Group H T raps T able C-10.
T raps & MIBs C-17 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 Interface Configuration MIB The Paradyne proprietary Interface Configuration group, pdn_inet.mib, is supported.
T raps & MIBs C-18 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 DHCP MIB The supported objects in the DHCP Server/Relay MIB, pdn_dhcp.mib, facilitates the creation and configuration of DHCP server table entries. The following groups are supported: H DHCP Server Configuration Group – Fully supported.
T raps & MIBs C-19 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 DSL Endpoint MIB This DSL Endpoint MIB, pdn_DslEndpoint.mib, facilitates configuration of DSL multirate products and is fully supported.
T raps & MIBs C-20 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 SYSLOG MIB The System Log MIB (SYSLOG), pdn_syslog.mib, is fully supported. Interface Configuration MIB The Interface Configuration MIB, pdn_IfExtConfig.mib, is used to configure interface-related objects and is fully supported.
D-1 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 DSL Router T erminal Emulation D DSL Router T erminal Emulation The Command Line Interface is available at the DSL router when the Console cable is connected to a VT100-compatible terminal or a PC running a terminal emulation program.
DSL Router T erminal Emulation D-2 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 T erminal Emulation Pr ograms Examples of configuring two dif ferent terminal emulation programs: H HyperT erminal – playback feature is accessed through its Transfer menu. H Procomm+ – playback feature is accessed through its Online menu.
IN-1 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 Index Symbols ? for user access, commands available, 2-4 Numbers 6301/6302 IDSL Routers, 1-1 6341/6342 Symmetric DSL Routers, 1-1 6371 rate adaptive DSL Router , 1-1 A.
Index IN-2 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 F factory defaults, A-3, B-1 filtering IP packets, 3-9 frame, Ethernet format, A-3 FTP and NA T , 3-7 G glossary , vi H help, for current access levels, 2-4 I IC.
Index IN-3 6371-A2-GB20-10 August 2000 P Packet SDSL, 6341/6342 DSL routers, 1-1 password, 2-3 P A T (Port Address Translation), see NAPT , 3-6 PDUs Bridged, 3-10 Routed, 3-10 performance statistics, .
Ein wichtiger Punkt beim Kauf des Geräts Paradyne Routers (oder sogar vor seinem Kauf) ist das durchlesen seiner Bedienungsanleitung. Dies sollten wir wegen ein paar einfacher Gründe machen:
Wenn Sie Paradyne Routers noch nicht gekauft haben, ist jetzt ein guter Moment, um sich mit den grundliegenden Daten des Produkts bekannt zu machen. Schauen Sie zuerst die ersten Seiten der Anleitung durch, die Sie oben finden. Dort finden Sie die wichtigsten technischen Daten für Paradyne Routers - auf diese Weise prüfen Sie, ob das Gerät Ihren Wünschen entspricht. Wenn Sie tiefer in die Benutzeranleitung von Paradyne Routers reinschauen, lernen Sie alle zugänglichen Produktfunktionen kennen, sowie erhalten Informationen über die Nutzung. Die Informationen, die Sie über Paradyne Routers erhalten, werden Ihnen bestimmt bei der Kaufentscheidung helfen.
Wenn Sie aber schon Paradyne Routers besitzen, und noch keine Gelegenheit dazu hatten, die Bedienungsanleitung zu lesen, sollten Sie es aufgrund der oben beschriebenen Gründe machen. Sie erfahren dann, ob Sie die zugänglichen Funktionen richtig genutzt haben, aber auch, ob Sie keine Fehler begangen haben, die den Nutzungszeitraum von Paradyne Routers verkürzen könnten.
Jedoch ist die eine der wichtigsten Rollen, die eine Bedienungsanleitung für den Nutzer spielt, die Hilfe bei der Lösung von Problemen mit Paradyne Routers. Sie finden dort fast immer Troubleshooting, also die am häufigsten auftauchenden Störungen und Mängel bei Paradyne Routers gemeinsam mit Hinweisen bezüglich der Arten ihrer Lösung. Sogar wenn es Ihnen nicht gelingen sollte das Problem alleine zu bewältigen, die Anleitung zeigt Ihnen die weitere Vorgehensweise – den Kontakt zur Kundenberatung oder dem naheliegenden Service.
